Perception
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| the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events | ||
| we must perceive a figure from its ground | ||
| transform 2D into 3D | ||
| Brain computes motion as images move across the retina | ||
| how we can recognize an object | ||
| the focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus | ||
| The ability to attend selectively to one voice among many | ||
| inability to see an object or a person in our midst | ||
| a form of inattentional blindness; when you do not notice when something changes because you are so focused on something else | ||
| carpentered cultures use many right angles so they see the lines as having different lengths. non carpentered cultures may see the lines at the same length >------<------> | ||
| designed to demonstrate the size-distance illusion | ||
| the tendency for vision to dominate the other senses | ||
| an organized whole; the tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes | ||
| people tend to pereive objects in a simple, orderly way | ||
| the organization of the visual field into objects (the figures)that stand out from their surroundings (the ground) | ||
| the perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups | ||
| group nearby figures together | ||
| group figures that are similar | ||
| perceive continuous patterns | ||
| spots, lines, and areas are seen as a unit when connected | ||
| fill in the gaps | ||
| ability to see things in 3-D and it allows us to judge distance | ||
| an experiment by Elanor Gibson & Richard Walk(1960) suggested that human infants (crawling age) have depth perception | ||
| require both eyes | ||
| available to each eye separately; used by artists | ||
| images from the two eyes differ; closer the object, the longer the disparity | ||
| neuromuscular cue; two eyes move inward for near objects; brain uses the angle at which the eyes are turned to gauge distance | ||
| smaller image is more distant | ||
| if one object partially blocks another, we perceive it as closer | ||
| hazy objects are seen as more distant | ||
| course objects appear closer and fine objects are distant | ||
| Objects higher in our field of vision appear farther away ;vertical longer than horizontal | ||
| Closer objects seem to move faster | ||
| parallel lines appear to converge with distance | ||
| closer objects appear brighter; shading produces depth | ||
| objects traveling towards us grow in size and those moving away shrink in size. the same is true when the observer moves to and from an object | ||
| an illusion of movement created when two or more adjacent lights blink on and off in succession | ||
| the brain will interpret a rapid series of slightly varying images as continuous movement | ||
| perceiving objects as unchanging even as illumination and retinal images change | ||
| car driving away appears smaller but doesnt shrink | ||
| look at a dinner plate from various angles | ||
| shirt looks different in different light | ||
| our brains have a template for everything we need to know and we match what we see to the templates | ||
| we see what the best example of something is and see if they are close enough to match | ||
| we break down a feature into parts and analyze what it is | ||
| discovered by nobel prize winners, Hubel and Weisel discovered this which fire only in response to particular angles or lines in the visual field. | ||
| 1.knowledge comes from inborn way of organizing sensory experiences 2.Locke said through our experiences we learn to perceive the world | ||
| kittens raised without exposure to horizontal lines later had difficulty perceiving horizontal lines | ||
| Visual ability to adjust to an artificually displaced visual field (ex:prism glasses) | ||
| a mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another (determined by the schemas you form as a result of your experiences) | ||
| concepts that organize and interpret unfamiliar information | ||
| explores how humans and machines interact and how machines and physical environment can be adapted to human behaviors | ||
| the controversial claim that perception can occur apart from sensory input | ||
| people who study beyond normal occurences | ||
| 1.telepathy 2.clairvoyance 3.precognition | ||
| mind over matter | ||
| mind to mind communication | ||
| perceiving remote events | ||
| perceiving future events | ||
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