ap gov unit 1 vocab

	two-house legislature
	money granted by the federal government to the states for a broad purpose (e.g., transportation) rather than for a narrow purpose (e.g., school lunch program)
	money granted by the federal government to the states for a narrow purpose (e.g., school lunch program) rather than for a broad purpose (transportation)
	those who favor greater national authority rather than state authority
	system in which each branch of government can limit the power of the other two branches (ex, presidents veto)
	gives Congress the power to regulate commerce among the states, with foreign nations, and among indian tribes. article 1 section 8
	those held by both Congress and the states. ex:establishing law enforcement agencies
	system in which sovereign states are only loosely tired to a central government (U.S. under Articles of Confederation)
	those who favor greater state authority rather than national
	system in which the people rule themselves
	Congress can exercise those powers that are "necessary and proper" or carrying out the enumerated powers (ex. creation of first Bank of U.S)
	those that are specifically granted to Congress in Article 1 section 8. ex: power to tax. aka expressed powers
	constitutional sharing of power between a central government and state governments
	system in which the national and state governments are coequal, with each being dominant within its respective sphere
	system in which both federal government and state gov cooperate in solving problems
	system in which the national government restores greater authority back to the states
	group of 85 essays written by Madison, hamilton, and Jay for the purpose of persuading the people of New York to adopt the Constitution
	a change in the actual wording of the Constitution. proposed by Congress/national convention, and ratified by the states
	those that are "necessary and proper" to carry out Congress' enumerated powers, are grated to Congress through elastic clause
	foreign policy powers (ex. acquiring territory) held by the national government by virtue of its being a national gov
	a change in the meaning, but not the wording, of the Constitution ex: court decision Brow V. Board
	power of the courts to rule on the constitutionality of laws and government actions. Marbury v. Madison 1803
	requirements imposed by the national government upon the states. some are unfunded mandates ex: imposed by gov but lack funding
	1803; established the power of judicial review
	1819; established principle of national supremacy and validity of implied powers
	powers of the states to protect the public health, safety, morals, and welfare of the public
	principle in which ultimate political authority rests with the people
	powers held by the states through the 10th Amendment. any powers not granted to the US government is "reserved" for the states
	principle in which the powers of government are separated among three branches: legislative, executive, judicial
	1786 revolt by Massachusetts farmers seeking relief from debt and foreclosure that was a factor in the calling of the Constitutional Convention
	a majority greater than a simple majority of one over half, e.g., 3/5, 2/3
	one-house legislature