The Endocrine System
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| specialized organs that produce hormones (releases them directly into blood stream) | ||
| the cells that a specific hormone affects | ||
| the system that hormones operate by: an excess of the hormone will signal the endocrine gland to temporarily stop production of the hormone. When levels decline enough, production can continue. | ||
| releases many hormones that reach other glands and stimulate them to release their own hormones. | ||
| part of the pituitary gland, secretes: growth hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin. | ||
| part of the brain that works with the anterior pituitary and sits just above it. It secretes neurohormones that can stimulate or inhibit the anterior pituitary | ||
| stimulates growth throughout the body, targets bones and muscles | ||
| stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids and mineralcorticoids | ||
| stimulates the thyroid to secrete thyroxine | ||
| stimulates the follicle to grow in females, and spermatogenesis in males | ||
| causes the release of the ovum during the menstrual cycle in females, and testosterone production in males | ||
| stimulates the mammary glands to produce milk | ||
| part of the pituitary that secretes two hormones: antidiuretic hormone (aka vasopressin) and oxytocin. these are actually made in the hypothalamus but stored here. | ||
| aka vasopressin, this hormone regulates water intake by nephrons | ||
| a hormone that stimulates the contraction of the uterus and ducts of the mammary glands | ||
| regulates metabolic rate | ||
| lowers blood calcium levels | ||
| increases blood calcium levels | ||
| made in adrenal cortex; increases Na+ and H20 reabsorption in kidneys | ||
| increases blood glucose level and heart rate | ||
| decreases blood sugar concentration (made in pancreas) | ||
| increases blood sugar concentration (made in pancreas) | ||
| promotes female secondary sex characteristics and thickens endometrial lining | ||
| maintains endometrial lining | ||
| promotes male secondary sex characteristics and spermatogenesis |