Chapter 1 Flashcards

270954741	foundations period	when civilization occurs due to the development of agriculture/division of labor appears as well as organized religion	0
270954742	mesopotamia	where agriculture began	1
270954743	china	developed independently with no cultural diffusion	2
270954744	agriculture	the most important invention of all time	3
270954745	hominids	humanlike creatures	4
270954746	homo habilus	humanlike creature that had the ability to make tools (the handyman)	5
270954747	homo erectus	humanlike creater that had a bigger brain, could walk straight (may have existed with homo habilus)	6
270954748	homo sapiens	aka: neanderthal. taller/bigger brain	7
270954749	homo sapiens sapiens	brain is bigger, hands better, stature better, speaking is better "modern man"	8
270954750	paleolithic age	age of human development. "old stone age" primarily using stone, some bone and wood	9
270954751	cave paintings	found deep into caves. had to be speacial/probably located where special ceremonies took place	10
270954752	mesolithic	bridge between paleolithic and neolithic	11
270954753	neolithic age	the age of the rise of agriculture/started using copper and bronze/some cities appear	12
270954754	civilization	has agricultre, cities, and a form of government	13
270954755	tigris and euphrates	flooding of these rivers were catastrophic and can ruin crops. too little flooding caused decrease in crops.	14
270954756	Nile	the major cities in Egypt were mostly along what river?	15
270954757	giza	where are the 3 major pyramids in Egypt?	16
270954758	fertile crescent	has no geographical boundaries/therefore anyone could get to it	17
270954759	king menes	first real pharaoh. considered to be the first king of the united upper an dlower Egypt	18
270954760	Khufu	father who built the largest of the 3 pyramids	19
270954761	khafre	built the second largest pyramid as well as the sphinx (khufu's son)	20
270954762	mycerinus	built the smallest pyramid/ khufus grandson	21
270954763	farmers	who built the pyramids while the Nile river was flooding?	22
270954764	ka	soul. the life force that was lead by Horus to Osiris.	23
270954765	mummification	very ritualized process only to be done by certain priests	24
270954766	valley of the kings	where underground tombs were found	25
270954767	thebes	new kingdom capital	26
270954768	sphinx	lions body with a human head (usually a pharaoh's head) carved out of stone	27
270954769	temple	built by new kingdom pharaoh Ramses. carved right into the stone side of a mountain	28
270954770	monsoons	seasonal winds and rains that play a huge part in Indian history	29
270954771	Huang He River (yellow river)	loess gives it a yellow appearance. fairly unpredictable. "river of sorrows"	30
270954772	Zhong Guo	"Middle Kingdom" --center of the civilized world.	31
270954773	shang dynasty	very first river valley civilization in China. hight developed along Huang River	32
270954774	oracle bones	way for the Shang kings to communicate witht the gods	33
274326553	catal huyuk	the early neolithic city that developed in Turkey	34
274326554	sumerians	the mesopotamian civilization that developed the first system of writing around 3500 BCE. built ziggurats, and employed a system of numbers based on 10, 60, and 360.	35
274326555	babylonians	the people, ruled by Hammurabi, who created an empire in the Middle East	36
274326556	egypt	what civilization was less open to invasion and more unified politically throughout its ancient history?	37
274326557	ideographic symbols	the style of writing developed by the chinese that involved grouping characters together to create new concepts	38
274326558	shang	line of kings ruling over china by about 1500 BCE	39
274326559	phoenicians	devised a 22 letter alphabet that influenced the Greek and Latin alphabets	40