World History Ch 6 Vocab Flashcards

227510552	Bedouin	Nomadic pastoralists of Arabian peninsula, had oral traditions, early converts to Islam
227510553	Mecca	Site of Ka'ba, original home of Muhammad, location of chief religious pilgrimage in Islam
227510554	Shaykhs	Leaders of tribes and clans within Bedouin society; usually men with large herds, several wives and many children
227510555	Medina	(Also known as Yathrib) became refuge for Muhammad following flight from Mecca (hijra)
227510556	Umayyad	Clan of Quraysh that dominated politics and commercial economy of Mecca; clan later able to establish dynasty as rulers of Islam
227510557	Ka'ba	Most revered religious shrine in pre-Islamic arabia, located in Mecca, focus of obligatory truce among Bedouin tribes, later important shrine in Islam
227510558	Quran	Recitation of revelations recieved by Muhammah; holy book of Islam
227510559	Umma	Community of the faithful within Islam; transcended old tribal boundaries to create political unity
227510560	Zakat	Tax for charity; obligatory for all Muslims
227510561	Five Pillars	Obligatory religious duties of all Muslims: confession of faith, prayer, fasting during Ramadan, zakat and hajj
227510562	Caliph	The political and religious successor to Muhammad
227510563	Ali	Cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad; one of Orthodox caliphs, focus for Shi'a
227510564	Abu Bakr	One of Muhammad's earliest converts, succeeded Muhammad as 1st caliph of Islamic community