Ap psych chapter 3
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| basic building block of the nervous system | ||
| round, centrally located structure. controls protein manufacturing, controls DNA, directs cell metabolism | ||
| the bushy, branching extensions of a neuron that receive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body | ||
| the extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers, through which messages pass to other neurons or to muscles or glands | ||
| a layer of fatty tissue encasing a neuron's axon that speeds transmission | ||
| all or noting response. A neuron either fires or it does not | ||
| The charge that would be maintained if there were no action potentials | ||
| the level of stimulation required to trigger an Action Potential | ||
| ions going from chemical to electrical to chemical | ||
| the junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron | ||
| neurons are specialized with regard to the NT that they release | ||
| neurons that communicate within the CNS and intervene between sensory inputs and motor outputs | ||
| Carry outgoing information from the CNS to muscles and glands | ||
| carry incoming information from the sense receptors to the central nervous system | ||
| excite their target neurons | ||
| inhibit their target neurons. Prevent something from happening | ||
| evoke neuromodulation | ||
| A process in which neurotransmitters are sponged up from the synaptic cleft by the presynaptic membrane | ||
| fits receptor well and mimics the NT | ||
| fits receptor poorly, occupying the site without activating the receptor | ||
| block reuptake sites on transmitting neuron | ||
| a neurotransmitter that affects hunger,sleep,arousal,and mood. appears in lower than normal levels in depressed persons | ||
| helps control alertness and arousal. Flight or flight | ||
| a neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction | ||
| involved in working memory, involved in eating and sleep patterns, motivation, pleasure and pain relief | ||
| main inhibitory neurotransmitter | ||
| a major excitatory neurotransmitter; involved in memory | ||
| natural, opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure | ||
| influences movement, learning, attention, and emotion | ||
| Chemical messengers that do not act directly on synapses but modify neuron sensitivity to synpatic stimulation or inhibition. | ||
| chemical messengers produced in one tissue that affect others | ||
| regulation of long-term, ongoing metabolic processes | ||
| the endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands | ||
| a pair of endocrine glands just above the kidneys. The adrenals secrete the hormones epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline) which help to arouse the body in times of stress | ||
| neural cables containing many neurons | ||
| the body's speedy, electrochemical communication system | ||
| the brain and spinal cord | ||
| sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body | ||
| broken into 2 parts; Sympathetic Nervous System, Parasympathetic Nervous System | ||
| division of the ANS that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations | ||
| division of the ANS that clams the body conserving its energy |