1/31 AP world test 17 Flashcards

304245738	What was the "Columbian Exchange?"	The transfer of peoples, animals, plants and diseases between the New and Old World.	0
304245739	How did disease affect the Amerindian peoples during the early colonial period?	It devastated the indigenous population and caused dramatic population changes.	1
304245740	What was the most deadly of the epidemics in the Americas?	Smallpox	2
304245742	What impact did the horse have on the Americas?	It increased the efficiency of hunters and the military capacity of warriors on the plains.	3
304245743	By the end of the sixteenth century, what country occupied mist if the Brazilian coast?	Portugal	4
304245745	The Council of the Indies was created for what purpose?	To supervise all government, ecclesiastical, and commercial activity in the Spanish colonies	5
304245746	Why did the highest-ranking Spanish officials in the colonies enjoy broad power?	because of their distance from Spain	6
304245747	The Viceroyalty of New Spain in 1535 encompassed what areas?	Mexico, the Southwest of what is now the United States, Central America, and the islands of the Caribbean.	7
304245748	The most important agent for transmitting European beliefs, language, and culture in Spanish America and Brazil was what?	the Catholic Church	8
304245749	The most influential defender of Amerindians in the early colonial period was who?	Bartolome De Las Casas	9
304337138	Which of the following became the richest institution of the Spanish colonies?	the Church	10
304337139	The economic development of the colonies in Mexico and Peru was dominated by who?	silver rhining	11
304337140	What was an encomienda?	A grant of authority over a population of AMerindians in the Spanish colonies. It provided the grant holder with a supply of cheap labor and periodic payments of goods y the Amerindians. It obliged the grant holder to Christianize the Amerindians.	12
304337141	The forced labor system where the male Amerindian slaves was eventually superseded by who?	Mita	13
304337142	Seventeenth-century sugar plantations of Brazil depended on what type of labor force?	slaves	14
304337143	In Brazil, the economic importance of Amerindian slaves was eventually superseded by who?	African slaves	15
304337144	The Spanish attempted to protect and control trade to the colonies by doing what?	They gave monopoly trade rights.	16
304337145	Spain's lesser nobles were called?	Hidalgos	17
304337146	Amerindian- born Spanish whites were called?	Creoles	18
304337147	How did the slaves express their resistance to their colonisl masters in Latin America?	in many formas including sabotage, malingering, running away, and rebellion	19
304337148	Slaves could be manumitted by?	purchasing their freedom or giving birth to a child of the master, or being that child	20
304337149	The castas of Latin America included mixed race peoples such as?	Mestizos and Mulattos	21
304337150	How did the English and French American colonies differ from the Spanish and Portuguese American colonies?	They didn't have the large, expensive colonial bureaucracies, and private companies and individual proprietors played a large role.	22
304337151	The early English effort to found a colony in the Americas produced?	more failures than successes	23
304337152	Which form of complementary labor was added ot the English colonies in the America?	indentured servants	24
304337153	In Virginia, colonial government consisted of which offices or people?	A crown-appointed governor and his council, as well as the House of Burgesses	25
304337154	How did the Amerindian population react to the colonial economy?	They joined in the trade of furs and skins and became very dependent on the Europeans for firearms, metal tools, textiles, and alcohol.	26
304337155	What was the valuable plant used to produce dye?	Indigo	27
304337156	The largest slave revolt that took place in 1739 in South Carolina was called what?	The Stono Rebellion	28
304337157	The two groups of Protestant dissenters that colonized New England were who?	The Pilgrims and the Puritans	29
304337158	How were the Massachusetts colonies different from the Chesapeake and South Carolina colonies?	Most newcomers came with their families. Also, the economy was not based on agriculture due to poor soils.	30
304337159	Who first settled the Middle Atlantic region?	The Dutch	31
304337160	Compare the French settlements in America to the Spanish and Portuguese colonies?	The French were committed to missionary activity among Amerindian peoples and emphasized the extraction of natural resources	32
304337161	The leaders of French expansion, the coureurs de bois, were who?	Young Frenchmen/ the runners of the woods	33
304337162	The Amerindian enemies of the French were who?	Iroquois Confederacy	34
304337163	What was the French and Indian War, how did it progress and were the results?	It was a series of wars fought by Frnace and England. It eventually turned into the seven- years war. The French lost Quebec city, the capital, and lost the war.	35
304337164	Why was Tupac Amaru II important?	The leader of one of the greatest rebellions.	36
304337165	The English Navigations Act sought to do what?	severely limit colonial trading and production that competed directly with English manufacturers.	37