RV Myers Psychology for AP - Unit 7B
Terms : Hide Images [1]
| 194132834 | cognition | all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating. | |
| 194132835 | Concept | a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people | |
| 194132836 | Prototype | a standard or typical example | |
| 194132837 | algorithm | a precise rule (or set of rules) specifying how to solve some problem | |
| 194132838 | Heuristic | a commonsense rule (or set of rules) intended to increase the probability of solving some problem | |
| 194132839 | Insight | A cognitive form of learning involving the mental rearragnment or restructuring of the elements in a problem to achieve an understanding or the problem and arrive at a solution | |
| 194132840 | Confirmation bias | a tendency to search for information that confirms one's preconceptions | |
| 194132841 | fixation | the inability to see a problem from a new perspective, by employing a different mental set | |
| 194132842 | Mental Set | a tendency to approach a problem in a particular way, often a way that has been successful in the past | |
| 194132843 | Functional fixedness | the tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions; an impediment to problem solving | |
| 194132844 | Representative heuristic | judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, particular prototypes; may lead one to ignore other relevent information | |
| 194132845 | Availability heuristic | estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory; if instances come readily to mind, we presume such events are common | |
| 194132846 | Overconfidence | total certainty or greater certainty than circumstances warrant | |
| 194132847 | Belief Perseverance | clinging to one's initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited | |
| 194132848 | Intuition | instinctive knowing (without the use of rational processes) | |
| 194132849 | Framing | formulation of the plans and important details | |
| 194132850 | Language | the mental faculty or power of vocal communication | |
| 194132851 | Phoneme | (linguistics) one of a small set of speech sounds that are distinguished by the speakers of a particular language | |
| 194132852 | Morpheme | minimal meaningful language unit | |
| 194132853 | Grammar | studies of the formation of basic linguistic units | |
| 194132854 | Semantics | the study of language meaning | |
| 194132855 | Syntax | the grammatical arrangement of words in sentences | |
| 194132856 | One-word Stage | the stage in speech development, from about age 1 to 2, during which a child speaks mostly in single words | |
| 194132857 | two-word stage | beginning about age 2, the stage in speech development during which a child speaks mostly two-word statements | |
| 194132858 | telegraphic speech | early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram--'go car'--using mostly nouns and verbs and omitting 'auxiliary' words | |
| 194132859 | linguistic determinism | Whorf's hypothesis that language determines the way we think | |
| 194132860 | Noam Chomsky | United States linguist whose theory of generative grammar redefined the field of linguistics (born 1928) | |
| 194132863 | B.F Skinner | pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that language development is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments | |
| 194132865 | Benjamin Whorf | Concept of "liguistic determinism" or how language impacts thought | |
| 194625573 | Creativity | the ability to produce novel and valuable ideas |