World History AP Chapter 22 Notecards Flashcards

310770533	Jesuits	Members of the society of Jesus, a Roman Catholic order founded by Ignatius Loyola in 1534. They played an important role in the Catholic Reformations and helped create conduits of trade and knowledge between Asia and Europe.	0
310770534	Muscovy	Russian principality that emerged gradually during the era of Mongol domination. The Muscovite dynasty ruled without interruption from 1276-1598.	1
310770535	Tsar	From Latin caesar, this Russian title for a monarch was first used in reference to a Russian ruler by Ivan III (r. 1462-1505)	2
310770536	Mikhail Romanov	In the midst of the "Time of Troubles," when the line of Muscovite rulers was depleted, the Russian aristocracy-boyars-allowes him to become tsarist (r. 1613-1645). This did NOT resolve social and political tensions.	3
310770537	Cossacks	Peoples of the Russian Empire who lived outside the farming villages, often as herder's, mercenaries, or outlaws. They led to the conquest of Siberia in the 16 and 17th centuries.	4
310770538	Peter the Great	Russian tear (r. 1689-1725). He enthusiastically introduced Western language and technologies to the Russian elite, moving the capital from Moscow to the new city of St. Petersburg.	5
310770539	Autocracy	The theory justifying strong, centralized rule, such as by the tsar in Russia or Haille Selassie in Ethiopia. The autocracy did not rely on the autocracy or the clergy for his or her legitimacy.	6
310770540	Dalai Lama	Originally, a title meaning "universal priest" that the Mongol khans invented and bestowed on a Tibetan lama (priest) in the late 1500s to legitimate their power in Tibet. Subsequently, the title of the religious and political leader of Tibet.	7
310770541	Qing Empire	Empire established in China by Manchus who overthrew the Mint Empire in 1644. At various times the Qing also controlled Manchuria, Mongolia, Turkestan, and Tibet. The last Qing emperor was overthrown in 1911.	8
310770542	Tokugama Shogunate	The last of the 3 shogunates of Japan.	9
310770543	Samurai	Literally "these who serve," the hereditary military elite of the Tokugama Shogunate.	10