APUSH Chapter 19

	When gold and silver backed the dollar. Ended in 1900 with the Gold Standard.
	Proposal in 1868 to redeem Civil War bonds in paper money instead of gold.
	A series of cases from 1870-71 before the Supreme Court challenging paper money as legal currency. Court ruled that issuance was unconstitutional and the money was illegal.
	Eliminated silver money from circulation.
	An 1874 adult education program.
	Regulation of railroad and grain elevator rates.
	1878, established cash (silver certificates, silver dollars) in exchange for silver.
	Eliminated the spoils system in 1883.
	When the treasury bought 4.5 million ounces of silver to avoid cornering of silver market.
	Federal law that committed government to combatting monopolies.
	Highest protective tariff to that point in american history. Efforts by republicans to win favor backfired with hostility to this act.
	Court Case against Eugene Debs for stopping US mail via strike.
	Created a graduated income tax (ruled unconstitutional)
	Group of workers who marched on Washington to try and get government officials to draw attention to the workers' plight.
	Sugar Monopoly
	57% duty that replaced the Wilson-Gorman Tariff
	Group of agrarian organizations that worked to increase the political and economic power of farmers.
	Leaders of the populist party made these demands (which would rule in favor of farmers).
	Leader of populist party in the South. Blamed minorities for Populism's failures.
	Senator from SC who compared Cleveland's betrayal of democrats to Judas betraying Jesus.
	Female populist leader. Argued that Wall Street Owned the country.
	Farmer turned to politics. Ridiculed the wealthy and called them "robbers"
	Politician, author, editor, and one of the founders of the Populist Party. Helped to create national education bureau.
	"Cross of Gold" speech giver. Farmers' rights activist. Ran for president.