AP Psych Ch.9

45661471	memory	persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information
45661472	flashbulb memory	clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event
45661473	encoding	processing of information into the memory system- for example, extracting meaning
45661474	storage	retention of encoded information over time
45661475	retrieval	process of getting information out of memory storage
45661476	sensory memory	the immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system
45661477	short-term memory	activated memory that holds a few items briefly, such as the seven digits of a phone number while dialing
45661478	long-term memory	relatively permanant and limitedless storehouse of the memory system
45661479	working memory	newer understanding of short-term memory that involves conscious, active processing of incomine auditory and visual-spatial information
45661480	automatic processing	unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and frequence
45661481	effortful processing	encoding that requires attention conscious effort
45661482	rehearsal	conscious repetition of information, either to maintain it in consciousness or to encode it for storage
45661483	spacing effect	tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long-term retention than is achieved through massed study or practice
45661484	serial position effect	our tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list
45661485	visual encoding	encoding of picture images
45661486	acoustic encoding	encoding of sound, especially the sound of words
45661487	semantic encoding	encoding of meaning, including the meaning of words
45661488	imagery	mental pictures; powerful aid to effortful processing
45661489	mnemonics	memory aids; like vivid imagery
45661490	chunking	organizing items into familiar, manageable units; often occurs automatically
45661491	iconic memory	momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli
45661492	echoic memory	momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli; sounds can be recalled within 3 or 4 seconds
45661493	long-term potentiation (LTP)	increase in synapse's firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation
45661494	amnesia	loss of memory
45661495	implicit memory	retention independent of conscious recollection
45661496	explicit memory	memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and "declare"
45661497	hippocampus	neural center that is located in limbic system and helps process explicit memories for storage
45661498	recall	measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier
45661499	recognition	measure of memory in which the person need only identify items previously learned
45661500	relearning	memory measure that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material for a second time
45661501	priming	activation, often unconsciously, of particular associations in memory
45661502	deja vu	that eerie sense that "I've experienced this before"
45661503	mood-congruent memory	tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one's current good or bad mood
45661504	proactive interference	disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information
45661505	retroactive interference	disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information
45661506	repression	in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories
45661507	misinformation effect	incorporating misleading information into one's memory of an event
45661508	source amnesia	attributing to the wrong source an event we have experienced, heard about, read about, or imagined