Essential Terms Flashcards
Early Modern Part II
Terms : Hide Images [1]
| 309735567 | Ottomans | People of largest of 3 Muslim empires (-North Africa to South Russia, Hungary to Red Sea) | 0 | |
| 309735568 | Mehmed II | ("The Conqueror") 1453: assaulted/conquered Constantinople for 7 weeks, Ottoman | 1 | |
| 309735569 | Janissaries | 15th century: troops in infantry division who dominated imperial armies, most powerful component of Ottoman military because of control over artillery/firearms, usually forcibly conscripted adolescents | 2 | |
| 309735570 | Vizier | (~Arabian wazir) headed bureaucracy and imperial administration, more power than sultan | 3 | |
| 309735571 | Chaldiran | August 1514: Place where Sunni Ottomans vs. Shi'ite Safavid- Ottoman victory | 4 | |
| 309735572 | Mullahs | (Persian religious scholar) local mosque official/prayer leader, supervised/supported by state | 5 | |
| 309735573 | Imams | Successors of Ali | 6 | |
| 309735574 | Akbar | Humayan's son/successor to Mughal dynasty at 13 yrs old, one of history's greatest leaders, fine military commander | 7 | |
| 309735575 | Din-i-Ilahi | New faith created by Akbar to unite Hindu/Muslim subjects | 8 | |
| 309735576 | Sati | Burning of high-caste Hindu women (widows) on husbands funeral pyre | 9 | |
| 309735577 | Shah Jahan | Successor of Mughal emperor Jahangir | 10 | |
| 310257921 | Aurangzeb | Succeeded Shah Jahan as as Mughal emperor, religious zealot | 11 | |
| 310257922 | Factories | Forts/trading posts with resident merchants | 12 | |
| 310257923 | El Mina | Most important factory of Portuguese colonies, heart of gold-producing forest zone | 13 | |
| 310257924 | Royal African Company | Company chartered for purpose of providing slaves for English colonies (-Barbados, Jamaica, Virginia) | 14 | |
| 310257925 | Indies Piece | Spanish slang for healthy man (slave) by which women/children were also priced | 15 | |
| 310257926 | Triangular Trade | (African) slaves exported to America, (American) sugar/tobacco/products exported to Europe, (European) products exported to Africa | 16 | |
| 310257927 | Usuman Dan Fodio | Studious/charismatic Muslim Fulani scholar- (1804) preached reform ideology in Hausa kingdom--revolution/jihad | 17 | |
| 310257928 | Mfecane | "wars of crushing and wandering", resulted as rise of Zulu/Nguni chiefdoms | 18 | |
| 310257929 | Shaka | 1818: leader of Nguni people, brilliant military tactician, reformed loose forces into regiments organized by lineage/age | 19 | |
| 310257930 | Vodun | Aja (Haitain) place where African religion flourished | 20 | |
| 310257931 | Great Trek | 1834: Boers moved North to be free of British government, across Orange River into Natal | 21 | |
| 310257932 | Middle Passage | Traumatic slave voyage to the Americas (-suffered poor hygeine, disease, European abuse) | 22 | |
| 310257933 | Candomble | Yoruba (Brazilian) place where African religion flourished | 23 | |
| 310257934 | Benin | Large city-state formed 14th century under Ewuare the Great (Niger River to coast) city of great population/broad avenues | 24 | |
| 310257935 | Goa | Port on West Indies coast, 1510:captured by Portuguese- point of naval base/factory | 25 | |
| 310257936 | Ormuz | Port at South end of Persian Gulf, 1507: captured by Portuguese- point of naval base/factory | 26 | |
| 310257937 | Malacca | Port at tip of Malayann peninnsula, 1511: captured by Portuguese- point of naval base/factory | 27 | |
| 310257938 | Batavia | 1620: port on island of Java, closer to island sources of key spices, reflected improved European knowledge of Asian geography and Dutch monopoly of certain spices | 28 | |
| 310257939 | Hongwu | 1368: Zhu Yuanzhange (founder of Ming dynasty) conquered most of China- declared self Hongwu emperor (-reigned 30 yrs) | 29 | |
| 310257940 | Zhenghe | Court eunuch, one of most trusted subordinates of emperor Yunglo, led 7 major expeditions between 1405-1423 | 30 | |
| 310257941 | Manchus (Jurchens) | Overthrew Ming dynasty, seized power after military victories/capture of imperial capture- established Qing dynasty | 31 | |
| 310257942 | Jurchens (Manchus) | Overthrew Ming dynasty, seized power after military victories/capture of imperial capture- established Qing dynasty | 32 | |
| 310257943 | Matteo Ricci | Jesuit scholar- corrected faulty calendars, forged cannon, fixed clocks | 33 | |
| 310257944 | Nobunaga | 1st of 3 remarkable military leaders who restored unity/international peace in Japan, from minor warrior household, daring/innovative/determined/cruel(?) | 34 | |
| 310257945 | Toyotomi Hideyoshi | Nobunagas ablest general, matched Nobunaga's military prowess/exceeded diplomatically- military master of Japan by 1590 | 35 | |
| 310257946 | Tokugawa Ieayasu | Vassal of Hideyoshi, 1603: granted title of shogun after Hideyoshi's death, concentrated on consolidating power at home | 36 | |
| 310257947 | Edo | (Tokyo) land in Central Honshu controlled by Tokugawa family | 37 | |
| 310257948 | Deshima | Place where only limited number of Dutch/Chinese were allowed to carry out commerce in Nagasaki Bay | 38 | |
| 310257949 | Chongzhen | Last Ming emperor, hung himself after realizing extend of rebel forces | 39 |