Ancient Rome Flashcards

314855400	Republic	A system of government where citizens have the right to choose their leaders.	1
314855401	Etruscans	Originally from Anatolia (modern Turkey) Builders of Rome (aqueducts, roads, etc.) Colognized Roman regions.	2
314855402	Triumvirate	Rule of 3.	3
314855403	Patricians	The aristocratic landowners who held most of the power. (Wealthy class.)	4
314855404	Plebeians	The common farmers, artisans and merchants who made up the majority of the population. (Lower class.)	5
314855405	Tribunes	Elected representatives that protected the rights of the plebeians from unfair acts of patrician officials.	6
314855406	Consuls	(Rome had only 2 of these at a time.) Commanded the army and directed the government by only had a year-long term.	7
314855407	Dictator	A leader who had absolute power to make laws and command the army.	8
314855408	Legion	Large military units that Roman soldiers were organized into.	9
314855409	Hannibal	Led his Carthaginian army of 50,000 infantry, 9,000 cavalry, and 60 elephants with the intent of capturing Rome through Spain, across France and into the Alps invading northern Italy.	10
314855410	Scipio	Daring general who devised a plan to defeat Carthage. This strategy forced Hannibal to return to defend his native city.	11
314855411	Julius Caesar	Strong leader and a military genius. Became an absolute ruler, changing Rome by granting Roman citizenship to many people in the provinces, expanding the Senate, and creating jobs to help the poor. Later assassinated by senators that felt threatened by his success.	12
314855412	Absolute ruler	One who has total power.	13
314855413	Augustus	Title meaning 'exalted one'. Taken by Octavian, Julius Caesar's nephew and adopted son.	14
314855414	Pax Romana	The period of peace and prosperity that Rome experienced when Augustus ruled from 27 B.C. to 180 A.D.	15
314855415	Gladiators	Professional fighters who fought to the death in public contests.	16
314855416	Apostles	The 12 original disciples of Jesus.	17
314855417	Paul	An apostle of Jesus that greatly influenced the development of Christianity by dedicating his life to spreading the word of God.	18
314855418	Diaspora	The driving of Jews out of their homeland and into exile.	19
314855419	Heresy	Any belief that appeared to contradict the basic teachings of the church.	20
314855420	Inflation	A drastic drop in the value of money coupled with a rise in prices.	21