Social Psychology

312432898	Social Psychology	the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another
312432899	GRIT	strategy designed to decrease international tensions
312432900	Mere Exposure Effect	the phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them
312432901	Stereotype	a generalized belief about a group of people
312432902	Normative Social Influence	influence resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval
312432903	Passionate Love	an aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship
312432904	Ingroup	"us" - people with whom one shares a common identity
312432905	Informational Social Influence	influence resulting from one's willingness to accept others' opinions about reality
312432906	Conformity	adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard
312432907	Prejudice	an unjustifiable (and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members
312432908	Social Trap	a situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing their self interest, become caught in mutually destructive behavior
312432909	Superordinate Goals	shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation
312432910	companionate love	the deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined
312432911	outgroup	"them" - those perceived as different or apart from one's ingroup
312432912	social facilitation	stronger responses on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others
312432913	attribution theory	suggest that we judge people based on their disposition (personality) and the situation
312432914	cognitive dissonance theory	theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent
312432915	self-fulfilling prophecy	a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true, by influencing a specific individual to act a certain way
312432916	conflict	a perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas
312432917	social exchange theory	the theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs
312432918	equity	a condition in which people receive from a relationship in proportion to what they give to it
312432919	ingroup bias	the tendency to favor one's own group
312432920	social loafing	the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable
312432921	attitude	feelings, often based on our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events
312432922	foot-in-the-door- phenomenon	the tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request
312432923	deindividuation	the loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity
312432924	group polarization	the enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group
312432925	groupthink	the mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives
312432926	scapegoat theory	the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame
312432927	just-world phenomenon	the tendency of people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get
312432928	aggression	any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy
312432929	frustration-aggression principle	the principle that frustration-the blocking of an attempt to achieve some goal-creates anger, which can generate aggression
312432930	self-disclosure	revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others
312432931	altruism	unselfish regard for the welfare of others
312432932	bystander effect	the tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present