Chapter 10 key terms

285867591	Cognitive ability	The capacity to reason, remember, understand, solve problems, and make decisions
285867592	Intelligence	Those attributes that center around skill at information processing, problem solving, and adapting to new or changing situations.
285867593	Stanford-Binet	A test for determining a person's IQ
285867594	IQ test	A test designed to measure intelligence on an objective, standardized scale
285867595	intelligence quotient (IQ score)	An index of intelligence that reflects the degree to which a person's score on an intelligence test deviates from the average score of others in the same age group
285867596	Aptitude test	A test designed to measure a person's capacity to learn certain things or perform certain tasks
285867597	Achievement Test	A measure of what a person has accomplished or learned in a particular area
285867598	Test	A systematic procedure for observing behavior in a standard situation and describing it with the help of a numerical scale or category system
285867599	Norm	A description of the frequency at which particular scores occur, allowing scores to be compared statistically
285867600	Reliability	The degree to which a test can be repeated with the same results
285867601	Validity	The degree to which test scores are interpreted correctly and used appropriately
285867602	Psychometric approach	A way of studying intelligence that emphasizes analysis of the products of intelligence, especially scores on intelligence tests
285867603	G	A general intelligence factor that Charles Spearman postulated as accounting for positive correlations between people's scores on all sorts of cognitive ability tests
285867604	S	A group of special abilities that Charles Spearman saw as accompanying general intelligence
285867605	Fluid intelligence	The basic power of reasoning and problem solving
285867606	Crystallized intelligence	The specific knowledge gained as a result of applying fluid intelligence
285867607	Information-processing approach	An approach to the study of intelligence that focuses on mental operations, such as attention ans memory, that underlie intelligent behavior
285867608	Triarchic theory of intelligence	Robert Sternberg's theory that describes intelligence as having analytic, creative, and practical dimensions
285867609	Multiple intelligences	8 semi-independent kinds of intelligence postulated by Howard Gardner
285867610	Creativity	The capacity to produce new, high-quality ideas or products
285867611	Divergent thinking	The ability to think along many alternatives paths to generate many different solutions to a problem
285867612	Convergent thinking	The ability to apply logic and knowledge to narrow down the number of possible solutions to a problem or perform some other complex cognitive task
285867613	Metacognition	The knowledge of what strategies to apply, when to apply them, and how to use them in new situations