AP HuG Chapter One Terms

202477188	Land Ordinance of 1785	A law that divided much of the United States into a system of townships to facilitate the sale of land to settlers.
202477189	Township	A square normally 6 miles on a side. The Land Ordinance of 1785 divided much of the United States into a series of townships.
202477190	Principal Meridians	north-south or longitude lines
202477191	Hearth	the region from which innovative ideas originate, orgin
202477192	Base Lines	East-West Lines, latitude lines
202477193	Sections	smaller divisions of a township
202477194	Remote Sensing	The acquisition of data about Earth's surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or from another long-distance method
202477195	Cultural Ecology	the geographic study of human environment relationships
202477196	Toponym	name given to a portion of Earth's surface, the name by which a geographical place is known
202477197	Site	identifies a place by its unique physical characteristics
202477198	Situation	physical position in relation to the surroundings
202477199	Environmental Determinism	the focus of how the physical environment causes social development
202477200	Formal Region	An area in which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics, uniform region
202477201	Functional Region	an area localized by a node or focal point
202477202	Vernacular Region	a place that that people believe exists as a part of their cultural identity, perceptual region
202477203	Possibilism	the theory that the environment sets certain limitations
202477204	Polder	piece of land that is created by draining water from an area
202477205	Transnational Corporation	A company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located, McDonalds, IBM, and Coca-Cola
202477206	Arithmetic Density	# of people / land area
202477207	Physiological Density	# of people / arable land
202477208	Agricultural Density	# of farmers of / land area
202477209	Space-Time Compression	the reduction in time that takes something to reach another place
202477210	International Date Line	180 degrees longitude, located in the pacific, an imaginary line on the surface of the earth following (approximately) the 180th meridian
202477211	Hierarchical Diffusion	spreads from the rich to the poor, eg. prestigious name brands
202477212	Expansion Diffusion	The spread of an innovation or an idea through a population in an area in such a way that the number of those influenced grows continuously larger, resulting in an expanding area of dissemination.
202477213	Relocation Diffusion	the spread of an idea through physical movement
202477214	Stimulus Diffusion	inventions, spread of an underlying principle of technology
202477215	Contagious Diffusion	spreads rapidly from a point by proximity, the closer the more likely it is to spread
202477216	Cartography	the making of maps and charts
202477217	Map Scale	compares a distance on a map with a distance in the real world, shows the ratio between distances on a map and distances on the earth
202477218	Small Scale	shows larger amount of Earth, less detail, zoomed out
202477219	Large Scale	shows smaller amount of Earth, more detail, zoomed in
202477220	Map Projection	ways of drawing the earth on a flat surface, things that typically become distorted: Shape, Size, Direction, and Distance. SSDD
202477221	GIS	geographic information system, a computer system that stores, organizes, retrieves, analyzes, and displays geographic data
202477222	Eratosthenes	first person to use the word geography, Greek mathematician and astronomer who estimated the circumference of the earth and the distances to the moon and sun (276-194 BC)
202477223	spatial association	the concept that the distribution of one phenomenon is scientifically related to the location of other phenomena
202477224	spatial distribution	the arrangement of a phenomenon across Earth's surface
202477225	dike	converting something to a water source
202477226	concentration	the spatial property of being crowded together