dshs ap lang written rhetoric terms Flashcards

A.p Lang terms that may be on the exam. If there are any mistakes or changes that need to be made please let me know.

120761992	alliteration	use of the same consonant at the beginning of each stressed syllable in a line of verse	0
120761993	allusion	a reference to another work of literature, person, or event	1
120761994	ambiguity	The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.	2
120761995	analogy	drawing a comparison in order to show a similarity in some respect	3
120761996	anaphora	repetition of a word or phrase as the beginning of successive clauses	4
120761997	anastrophe	the reversal of the normal order of words	5
120761998	apostrophe	a figure of speech in which one directly addresses an absent or imaginary person, or some abstraction	6
120761999	anecdote	short account of an incident (especially a biographical one)	7
120762000	antithesis	the juxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas to give a feeling of balance	8
120762001	aphorism	a short pithy instructive saying	9
120762002	caricature	a representation of a person that is exaggerated for comic effect	10
120762003	comparison/contrast	is a text structure that discusses similarities and differences	11
120762004	connotation	an idea that is implied or suggested	12
120762005	denotation	the most direct or specific meaning of a word or expression	13
120762006	description	a statement that represents something in words	14
120762007	dialogue	a literary composition in the form of a conversation between two people	15
120762008	dichotomy	a division into two parts	16
120762009	diction	the articulation of speech regarded from the point of view of its intelligibility to the audience	17
120762010	euphemism	an inoffensive expression that is substituted for one that is considered offensive	18
120762011	figure of speech	language used in a figurative or nonliteral sense	19
120762012	genre	a kind of literary or artistic work	20
120762013	hyperbole	extravagant exaggeration	21
120762014	imagery	The use of language to evoke a picture or a concrete sensation of a person, thing, place, or experience	22
120762015	inductive reasoning	reasoning from detailed facts to general principles	23
120762016	deductive reasoning	reasoning from the general to the particular (or from cause to effect)	24
120762017	inference	the reasoning involved in drawing a conclusion or making a logical judgment on the basis of circumstantial evidence and prior conclusions rather than on the basis of direct observation	25
120762018	irony	the use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of its literal meaning	26
120762019	juxtaposition	placing two elements side by side to present a comparison or contrast	27
120762020	loose sentence	a type of sentence in which the main idea comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses	28
120762021	periodic sentence	A sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end. The independent clause is preceded by a phrase or clause that cannot stand alone. The effect is to add emphasis and structural variety.	29
120762022	metaphor	a figure of speech in which an expression is used to refer to something that it does not literally denote in order to suggest a similarity	30
120762023	motif	A recurring theme, subject or idea	31
120762024	mood	the overall emotion created by a work of literature	32
120762025	narrative	consisting of or characterized by the telling of a story	33
120762026	narrative devices	methods the author uses to help convey the message of his/her piece	34
120762027	onomatopoeia	using words that imitate the sound they denote	35
120762028	paradox	a statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth.	36
120762029	parallelism	the use of a series of words, phrases, or sentences that have similar grammatical form	37
120762030	parody	humorous or satirical mimicry	38
120762031	personification	representing an abstract quality or idea as a person or creature	39
120762032	point of view	the perspective from which a story is told	40
120762033	repetition	the repeated use of the same word or word pattern as a rhetorical device	41
120762034	rhetoric	study of the technique and rules for using language effectively (especially in public speaking)	42
120762035	rhetorical devices	Literary techniques used to heighten the effectiveness of expression	43
120762036	rhetorical mode	patterns of organization developed to achieve a specific purpose; modes include but are not limited to narration, description, comparision and contrast, cause and effect, definition, exemplificaiton, classifcation and division, process analysis, and argumentation	44
120762037	rhetorical question	a statement that is formulated as a question but that is not supposed to be answered	45
120762038	rhetorical stance	language that conveys a speaker's attitude or opinion with regard to a particular subject	46
120762039	sarcasm	witty language used to convey insults or scorn	47
120762040	simile	a figure of speech that expresses a resemblance between things of different kinds (usually formed with 'like' or 'as')	48
120762041	symbolism	the use of one thing to stand for or represent another	49
120762042	style	a way of expressing something (in language or art or music etc.) that is characteristic of a particular person or group of people or period	50
120762043	syntax	the grammatical arrangement of words in sentences	51
120762044	flashback	a transition (in literary or theatrical works or films) to an earlier event or scene that interrupts the normal chronological development of the story	52
120762045	foreshadowing	the use of hints and clues to suggest what will happen later in a plot	53
120762046	trope	language used in a figurative or non literal sense	54
120762047	voice	(linguistics) the grammatical relation (active or passive) of the grammatical subject of a verb to the action that the verb denotes	55
120762048	vignette	A series of short stories	56
120764070	ethos	The appeal of a text to the credibility and character of the speaker, writer, or narrator	57
120764071	logos	an appeal based on logic or reason	58
120764072	pathos	emotional appeal	59
120764073	presentation	how an image is presented to appeal to the audience	60
120764074	composition	light,color, framing, balance, proportion of an image	61
120764075	aesthetics	type style, design elements, font size on a image	62
120774557	theme	a unifying idea that is a recurrent element in a literary or artistic work	63
120774558	tone	the attitude of the writer who wrote the literary work	64
120774559	purpose	the reason the writer is writing the literary work	65
120774560	argument to the man	1. undermining the argument by attacking the speaker instead of the argument; trying to counter by attacking a person (literally translated, "against the man") Sentences That last comment wasn't necessary; let's stick to the issue, instead of arguing to the man.	66
120774561	bandwagon	tries to persuade the reader to do, think, or buy something because it is popular or everyone is doing it	67
120774562	complex question	an informal fallacy that occurs when a single question that is really two or more questions is asked, and a single answer is applied to both questions	68
120774563	equivocation	When a writer uses the same term in two different senses in an argument.	69
120774564	hasty generalization	drawing conclusions based on insufficient or unrepresentative evidence	70
120774565	half truth	Building your argument on verifiable facts but deliberately failing to give your audience the full story. In other words, if providing more information would shed a different light on your subject, You're deceiving your audience	71
120774566	red herring	any diversion intended to distract attention from the main issue	72
120774567	oversimplification	When a writer obscures or denies the complexity of the issues in an argument	73
120774568	argument to the people	Stirring up powerful emotions rather than building a logical case.Used to distract audience's attention	74
120774569	begging the question	Assertion that restates the point just made by either repeating his point in different words or draws conclusions from assumptions that haven't been proven	75
120774570	either/or fallacy	Offering only two alternatives when more do exist	76
120774571	false cause	Wrongly assumes a cause-and-effect relationship ('A' causes 'B' without proof that a relationship actually exists).	77
120774572	false analogy	assuming without sufficient proof that if objects or processes are similar in some ways, then they are similar in other ways as well	78
120774573	non sequitur	A statement that does not follow logically from what has just been said; a conclusion that does not follow from premises	79
120774574	straw man argument	consists of an oversimplification of an opponent's argument so that it is easier to attack	80
120774575	slippery slope	A fallacy that assumes that taking a first step will lead to subsequent steps that cannot be prevented	81
120774576	claim	An assertion, usually supported by evidence.	82
120774577	data	a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn	83
120774578	warrant	A statement that adds to the trust of the reader for a written work	84
120774579	backing	supports a warrant which in turn supports the logical move from data to claim	85
120774580	qualifier	a content word that qualifies the meaning of a noun or verb	86
120774581	rebuttal	the speech act of refuting by offering a contrary contention or argument	87
120774582	implicit warrant	An assumption that is unstated; taken for granted that everyone thinks or knows it already	88
120774583	explicit warrant	An observation or assumption that is directly stated as a powerful part of the argument being made	89
120774584	authoritative warrant	a warrant based on the credibility or trustworthiness of the source, a warrant based on the credibility or trustworthiness of the source	90
120774585	motivational warrant	An assumption that plays on the audience's convictions, virtues, values	91
120774586	substantive warrant	Other substantial evidence that would lead someone to make a particular claim	92