AP World History Flashcards

Unit 5

319578461	revolution	a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving. Used to over throw a govt. system.	0
319578462	imperialism	A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries poitically, socially, and economically.	1
319578463	sepoys	Indian troops who served in the British army	2
319578464	monopoly	exclusive control of a commodity or service in a particular market, or a control that makes possible the manipulation of prices	3
319578465	modernization	The process of reforming political, military, economic, social, and cultural traditions in imitation of the early success of Western societies, often with regard for accommodating local traditions in non-Western societies.	4
319578466	Political reforms	Changes made in politics to get rid of political corruption	5
319578467	capitulations	Agreements with European powers that gave European bankers and merchants unfair advantages in the Empire	6
319578468	humanitarian values	values that promote better conditions for people throughout the world. the doctrine that people's duty is to promote human welfare.	7
319578469	"effective occupation"	concept that the European powers agreed to at the Berlin Conference that stated that Europe would wholeheartedly go after colonies in Africa while not allowing one country to monopolize the entire continent. This states that you can't call "dibs" on a territory, you actually have to be there.	8
319578470	concessions in colonies	Colonies yielding the argument against them. conceding for the imperialists	9
319578471	colonialism	Attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory.	10
319578472	cash crops	crops, such as tobacco, sugar, and cotton, raised in large quantities in order to be sold for profit	11
319578473	business cycle	Recurrent swings from economic hard times to recovery and growth, then back to hard times and a repetition of the sequence.	12
319578474	extraterritoriality	Right of foreigners to be protected by the laws of their own nation.	13
319578475	treaties	formal agreements between nations	14
319578476	abolition	doing away with; putting an end to [slavery]	15
319578477	industrialization	the development of industries for the machine production of goods	16
319578478	social darwinism	Applied Darwin's theory of natural selection and "survival of the fittest" to human society -- the poor are poor because they are not as fit to survive. Used as an argument against social reforms to help the poor.	17
319578479	sanitation systems	a series of pipes to take dirty water away from houses and businesses, designed to protect public health	18
319578480	nation-state	An independent geopolitical unit of people having a common culture and identity	19
319578481	liberalism	an economic theory advocating free competition and a self-regulating market and the gold standard	20
319578482	middle class	A social class made up of skilled workers, professionals, business people, and wealthy farmers	21
319578483	victorian	a style of architecture characterized by very elaborately designed houses with high porches, tall windows, towers an gingerbread trim	22
319578484	indentured servants	colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years	23
319578485	laissez-faire capitalism	an economic system in which the means of production and distribution are privately owned and operated for profit with minimal or no government interference	24
319578486	socialism	an economic system in which the factors of production are owned by the public and operate for the welfare of all.	25
319578487	labor union	an organization of workers that tries to improve working conditions, wages, and benefits for its members	26
319578488	marxism	The theory created by Karl Marx and Frederich Engels that centers on communism and its inevitability.	27
319578489	free-trade imperialism	Economic dominance of a weaker country by a more powerful one, while mainting the legal independence of the weaker state. In the late nineteenth cetury, free-trade imperialism characterized the relations between the Latin American republics, on the one hand, and Great Britain and the United States, on the other.	28
319578490	suffrage	a legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the US constitution giving women the right to vote	29
319578491	natural rights	the idea that all humans are born with rights, which include the right to life, liberty, and property	30