Ch. 25 Flashcards

320112911	Toussaint L'overture	Leader of the slave rebellion on the French island of St. Domingue in 1791; led to the creation of the independent republic of Haiti in 1804.	0
320112912	Miguel de Hidalgo	Mexican priest who started revolution among Native Americans and mestizos in 1810	1
320112913	Augustin Iturbide	Mexican soldier and leader; he won Mexican Independence from Spain and became dictator of Mexico from 1822-1823.	2
320112914	Simon Bolivar	Venezuelan statesman who led the revolt of South American colonies against Spanish rule	3
320112915	Gran Colombia	Independent state created in South America as a result of military success of Simon Bolívar; existed only until 1830, at which time Colombia, Venezuela, and Ecuador became separate states.	4
320112916	Jose de San Martin	For spain against napoleon; helped liberate Argentina, chile, peru	5
320112917	Joao VI	Portuguese monarch who fled the French to establish his court in Brazil from 1808 to 1820	6
320112918	Pedro I	son and successor of Joao VI in brazil; aided in the declaration of Brazilian independence in 1822 and became constitutional emperor	7
320112919	Caudillos	Spanish word for military leaders	8
320112920	Monroe Doctrine	an American foreign policy opposing interference in the western hemisphere from outside powers	9
320112921	Guano	Bird droppings used as fertilizer; a major trade item of Peru in the late nineteenth century	10
320112922	Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna	Mexican president who fought Texans in the Texas Revolution	11
320112923	Manifest Destiny	a policy of imperialism rationalized as inevitable (as if granted by God)	12
320112924	Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo	Treaty that ended the Mexican War, granting the U.S. control of Texas, New Mexico, and California in exchange for $15 million	13
320112925	Benito Juarez	a Mexican president (was Indian) who fought for a better life for the poor	14
320112926	La Reforma	a liberal reform movement in 19th-century Mexico, led by Benito Juarez	15
320112927	Maximilian Von Habsburg	Austrian archduke proclaimed emperor of Mexico as a result of French intervention in 1862; after the French withdrawal he was executed in 1867.	16
320112928	Gauchos	Argentine cowboys	17
320112929	Fazendas	Coffee estates that spread within interior of Brazil between 1840 and 1860; created major export commodity for Brazilian trade; led to intensification of slavery in Brazil.	18
320112930	Modernization Theory	The belief that the more industrialized, urban, and modern a society became, the more social change and improvement were possible as traditional patterns and attitudes were abandoned or transformed.	19
320112931	Dependency Theory	a marxist-oriented theory that explains the lack of capital accumulation in the third world as a result of the interplay between domestic class relations and the forces of foreign capital	20
320112932	Porfirio Diaz	dictator who dominated Mexico, permitted foreign companies to develop natural resources and had allowed landowners to buy much of the countries land from poor peasants. Had power 1876-1911	21