ap psych chapter 3-b mohl
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| 225860880 | neuron | neural communication cell | |
| 225860881 | soma | brain of neuron | |
| 225860882 | dendrites | receives information and sends it to the next neuron | |
| 225860883 | myelin sheath | fatt covering around the axon of some neurons that speeds up neural impulses | |
| 225860884 | synaptic cleft | space between the terminal buttons of one neuron and the dendrites that release neurosmites in order to send off information | |
| 225860885 | hodkins and huxy | mapped out the nature of the neuron by studying against squid | |
| 225860886 | positive voltage shift | excitatory PSP (more likely to fire) | |
| 225860887 | negative voltage shift | inhibitory PSP (less likely to fire) | |
| 225860888 | afferent nerves | move toward central nervous system | |
| 225860889 | efferent nerves | move away from central nervous system from brain to rest of the body | |
| 225860890 | all or nothing principle | neuron either fires completly or it doesn't fire at all | |
| 225860891 | somatic nervous system | controls voluntary muscle movement | |
| 225860892 | autonomic nervous system | controls the automatic functions of the human body (heart rate) | |
| 225860893 | sympathetic nervous system | alert system of the body "fight or flight" | |
| 225860894 | parasympathetic nervous system | slows and calms the body down after a stress response | |
| 225860895 | electroencephalography (eeg) | monitors electrical activity of the brain (brain waves) | |
| 225860896 | damage studies/lesioning | observes the consequences of damage to certain areas | |
| 225860897 | electrical stimulation | stimulating a portion of the brain and observing effects | |
| 225860898 | transcanial magnetic stimulation | enhances or suppresses activity in a particular region of the brain | |
| 225860899 | computerized tomography | computer inhanced x ray | |
| 225860900 | position emission tomography | radioactively tagged chemicals serve as markers of blood flow or metabolic activity | |
| 225860901 | magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | uses magnetic fields, radio waves, and computer enhancement to image brain structure | |
| 225860902 | hindbrain | located in back of brain, largely responsible for vital, involuntary functions (breathing, blood circulation) | |
| 225860903 | midbrain | sensory processes, voluntary movement | |
| 225860904 | forebrain | located in front, most complicated thought process | |
| 225860905 | medulla | connects spinal cord to brain. regulates unconscious functions (breathing, reflexes) | |
| 225860906 | pons | regulates sleep and arousal | |
| 225860907 | reticular formation | assists pons in sleep and arousal. filters irrelevant background stimuli | |
| 225860908 | cerebellum | controls fine motor movement and balance | |
| 225860909 | hippocampus | involved with memory and learning | |
| 225860910 | pituitary gland | master gland, regulates growth and endocrine gland | |
| 225860911 | thalamus | takes sensory information (except smell) and relays it to other parts of the brain | |
| 225860912 | hypothalamus | regulates basic biological needs (fighting, fleeing, feeding, mating) | |
| 225860913 | cerebrum | part that looks like brain, handles most complex mental processes, four lobes | |
| 225860914 | occipital lobes | visions | |
| 225860915 | parietal lobes | touch | |
| 225860916 | frontal lobes | higher order thinking | |
| 225860917 | temporal lobes | hearing | |
| 225860918 | amygdala | involved in emotion and emotional memories | |
| 225860919 | broca's area | located in frontal lobe and responsible for controlling the muscles involved in producing speech | |
| 225860920 | wernicke's area | located in left temporal lobe, interested in speech comprehensionand development | |
| 225860921 | left hemisphere | verbal processes: language, speech, reading, writing. controls right side of brain except smell | |
| 229253185 | right hemisphere | nonverbal process: spatial, musical, visual recognization. controls left side of brain except smell | |
| 229253186 | Sperry | did split brain research | |
| 229253187 | glial cells | hold neuron cells in place | |
| 229253188 | hormones | chemical messengers in the bloodstream, pulsatile released by endocrine glands. negative feedback | |
| 229253189 | endocrine glands | pituitary "master" gland, growth hormone | |
| 229253190 | thyriod | metabolic rate | |
| 229253191 | adrenal | salt and carbohydrate metabolism | |
| 229253192 | pancreas | sugar metabolism | |
| 229253193 | gonads | sex hormones | |
| 229253194 | behavioral genetics | study of the influence of genetic factors on behavioral traits | |
| 229253195 | chromosomes | strands of DNA carrying genetic information. human cells contain 46 in pairs (sex cells= 23 single) | |
| 229253196 | family studies | does it run in the family? | |
| 229253197 | twin studies | compare results of identical twins (monozygotic) and fraternal (dizygotic) twins on a trait | |
| 229253198 | adoption studies | examine resemblance between adpoted children and their biological and adoptive parents | |
| 229253199 | heredibility | amount of variance in the population of some trait due to genetics | |
| 229253200 | parental investment theory | mating patterns depend on what each sex has to invest - in the way of time, energy, and survival risk - to produce and nurture offspring |