AP Biology Cell Membrane
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| 210521742 | Selective Permeability | A property of biological membranes that allows them to regulate the passage of substances. | |
| 210521743 | Amphipathic | A molecule that has both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region. | |
| 210521744 | Fluid Mosaic Model | The currently accepted model of cell membrane structure, which envisions the membrane as a mosaic of individually inserted protein molecules drifting laterally in a fluid bilayer of phospholipids. | |
| 210521745 | Transport Proteins | A transmembrane protein that helps a certain substance or class of closely related substances to cross the membrane. | |
| 210521746 | Channel Proteins | Proteins that provide passageways through the membrane for certain hydrophilic (water-soluble) substances such as polar and charged molecules | |
| 210521747 | Carrier Proteins | Carry molecules that cannot pass through the cell membrane because they are too large or insoluble | |
| 210521748 | Aquaporins | A transport protein in the plasma membrane of a plant or animal cell that specifically facilitates the diffusion of water across the membrane | |
| 210521749 | Concentration Gradient | A difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance | |
| 210521750 | Osmosis | Diffusion of molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a place of higher concentration to a place of lower concentration until the concentration on both sides is equal | |
| 210521751 | Isotonic | Having the same or equal osmotic pressure | |
| 210521752 | Hypertonic | Having a higher osmotic pressure than a comparison solution | |
| 210521753 | Hypotonic | Having a lower osmotic pressure than a comparison solution | |
| 210521754 | Osmoregulation | The control of water balance in organisms living in hypertonic, hypotonic, or terrestrial environments. | |
| 210524233 | Turgid | Abnormally distended especially by fluids or gas | |
| 210524234 | Flaccid | Lacking firmness or stiffness | |
| 210524235 | Plasmolysis | When a cell is in a hypertonic environment, the cell will lose water to its surroundings, shrink, and its plasma membrane will pull away from the wall | |
| 210524236 | Active Transport | Transport of a substance (as a protein or drug) across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient | |
| 210524237 | Electrochemical Gradient | The diffusion gradient of an ion, representing a type of potential energy that accounts for both the concentration difference of the ion across a membrane and its tendency to move relative to the membrane potential. | |
| 210524238 | Cation | A positively charged ion | |
| 210524239 | Anion | A negatively charged ion |