Mrs. Maynard's AP Psychology class- Chapter 4 The Developing Person

8289386	Develepmental Psychology	A branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span
8289387	Zygote	The fertilized egg; it enters a 2 week period of rapid cell division and develops into an embryo
8289388	Embryo	The developing human organism from about 2 weeks after fertilization through the second month
8289389	Fetus	The developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth
8289390	Teratogens	Agents, such as chemicals or viruses, that can reach the embryo and or fetus during prenatal development and cause harm
8289391	Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)	Physical and cognitive abnormalities in children cause by a pregnant woman's heavy drinking
8289392	Rooting Reflex	A baby's tendency, when touched on the cheek, to open the mouth and search for the nipple
8289393	Habituation	Decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation
8289394	Maturation	Biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience
8289395	Schema	A concept or framework that organizes and interprets information
8289396	Assimilation	Interpreting one's new experience in terms of one's existing schemas
8289397	Accommodation	Adapting one's current understandings to incorporate new information
8289398	Cognition	All the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, and remembering
8289716	Sensorimotor Stage	In Piaget's theory, the stage (birth to 2 yrs) during which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities
8289717	Object Permanence	The awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived
8289718	Preoperational Stage	In Piaget's theory, the stage (2 to 6/7yrs) during which child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic
8289719	Conservation	The principle that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects
8289720	Egocentrism	In Piaget's theory, the inability of the preoperation child to take another's point of view
8289721	Theory of Mind	People's ideas about their own and others' mental states- about their feelings, perceptions, and thoughts and the behavior these might predict
8289722	Concrete Operational Stage	In Piaget's theory, the stage (6/7 to 11yrs) during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events
8289723	Formal Operation Stage	In Piaget's theory, the stage (12+) during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts
8289724	Stranger Anxiety	The fear of strangers that infants commonly display, beginning around 8 months old
8289725	Attachment	An emotional tie with another person; shown in young children by their seeking of closeness to the caregiver and showing distress when separated
8289726	Critical Period	An optimal period shortly after birth when an organism's exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces proper development
8289727	Imprinting	The process by which certain animals form attachments during a critical period very early in life
8289728	Basic Trust	According to Erik Erikson, a sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy
8289729	Self-concept	A sense of one's identity and personal worth
8289730	Adolescence	The transition from childhood to adulthood, extending from puberty to independence
8289731	Puberty	The period of sexual maturation, during which a person becomes capable of reproducing
8289732	Primary Sex Characteristics	The body stuctures (ovaries, testes, and external genitalia) that make sexual reproduction possible
8289733	Secondard Sex Characteristics	Nonreproductive sexual characteristics, such as female breasts and hips, male voice quality, and body hair
8289734	Menarche	The first menstrual period
8289735	Identity	One's sense of self; according to Erikson, the adolescent's task is to solidify a sense of self by testing and integrating various roles
8289819	Intimacy	In Erikson's theory, the ability to form close, loving relationships which is a primary task in late adolescence and early adulthood
8289820	Menopause	The time of natural cessation of menstruation and the changes a woman experiences when her ability to reproduce declines
8289821	Alzheimer's Disease	A progressive and irreversible brain disorder characterized by gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, and finally physical functioning
8289822	Cross-sectional Study	A study in which people of different ages are compared with one another
8289823	Longitudal Study	Research in which the same people are restudies and retested over a long period
8289824	Crystallized Intelligence	One's accumilated knowledge and verbal skills which tends to increase with age
8289825	Fluid Intellidence	One's ability to reason speedily and abstractly which tends to decrease during late adulthood
8289826	Social Clock	The culturally preferred timing of social events as marriage, parenthood, and retirement