Chapter 27 key terms Flashcards

Key
Terms

328341337	Murad	Head of the coalition of Mamluk rulers in Egypt; opposed Napoleonic invasion of Egypt and suffered devastating defeat; failure destroyed Mamluk government in Egypt and revealed vulnerability of Muslim core.	0
328341338	Compradors	Wealthy new group of Chinese merchants under the Qing dynasty; specialized in the import-export trade on Chian's south coast; one of the major links between China and the outside world	1
328341339	Cixi	Conservative dowager empress who dominated the last decades of the Qing dynasty.	2
328341340	Puyi	Last emperor of China; deposed as emperor while still a small boy in 1912	3
328341341	Muhammad abduh	Egyptian intellectual who launched modern Islamic reform movement; said Islam should return to purity of earliest, most essential doctrines, but still flexible and reasoned approach to change and foreign social ideas	4
328341342	Tanzimat reforms	Series of reforms in the Ottoman Empire between 1839 and 1876; established Western-style universities, state postal system, railways, extensive legal reforms; resulted in creation of new constitution in 1876	5
328341343	Qing	the last imperial dynasty of China (from 1644 to 1912) which was overthrown by revolutionaries	6
328341344	Taiping rebellion	The most destructive civil war before the twentieth century. A Christian-inspired rural rebellion threatened to topple the Qing Empire.	7
328341345	Sun Yat-sen	This man was a radical Chinese reformer who sought to overthrow the government	8
328341346	Kangxi	Qing emperor (r. 1662-1722). He oversaw the greatest expansion of the Qing Empire.	9
328341347	Mahdi	The last Imam for the Twelvers, believe that he disappeared but will return to save them	10
328341348	Opium War	War between Britain and the Qing Empire that was, in the British view, occasioned by the Qing government's refusal to permit the importation of opium into its territories. The victorious British imposed the one-sided Treaty of Nanking on China. (p. 684)	11
328341349	Suez Canal	a ship canal in northeastern Egypt linking the Red Sea with the Mediterranean Sea	12
328341350	Mahmud II	Ottoman sultan; built a private, professional army; fomented revolution of Janissaries and crushed them with private army; destroyed power of Janissaries and their religious allies; initiated reform of Ottoman Empire on Western precedents	13
328341351	Ottoman	the Turkish dynasty that ruled the Ottoman Empire from the 13th century to its dissolution after World War I	14
328341352	Muhammad Ali	Leader of Egyptian modernization in the early nineteenth century. He ruled Egypt as an Ottoman governor, but had imperial ambitions. His descendants ruled Egypt until overthrown in 1952.	15
328341353	Nurhaci	architect of Manchu unity; created distinctive Manchu banner armies; controlled most of Manchuria; adopted Chinese bureaucracy and court ceremonies in Manchuria; entered China and successfully captured Ming capital at Beijing.	16
328341354	Abdul Hamid	Ottoman sultan who attempted to return to despotic absolutism during reign from 1878 to 1908; nullified constitution and restricted civil liberties; deposed in coup in 1908	17
328341355	Hong Xiuquan	leader of the Taiping rebellion; converted to specifically Chinese form of Christianity; attacked traditional Confucian teachers of Chinese elite	18
328341356	Boxer Rebellion	1899 rebellion in Beijing, China started by a secret society of Chinese who opposed the "foreign devils". The rebellion was ended by British troops	19