AP Stats Chapter 3

239938059	undercoverage	when some groups in the population are left out of the process of choosing a sample
239938060	nonresponse	an individual chosen for the sample cannot/will not respond
239938061	response bias	answers to survey questions altered because of the behavior of the interviewer or respondent.
239938062	subject	name for a human involved in a study
239938063	parameter	numerical data from a population
239938064	block design	dividing subjects into male and female groups before randomizing is an
239938065	randomization	the use of impersonal chance to assign experimental units to treatments
239938066	anecdotal evidence	evidence based on arbitrarily chosen data - stands out because it is striking in some way - no basis for generalization
239938067	matched pairs design	use of identical twins (1 treatment, 1 control) is an example of this
239938068	statistic	numerical data from a sample
239938069	observational study	does not attempt to influence responses in subjects;no treatment imposed
239938070	available data	already-existing data produced in the past that may help answer a present question
239938071	sample	a fraction of a population chosen for study
239938072	simple random sample	consists of n individuals from the population chosen in such a way that every set of n individuals has an equal chance to be the sampl selectede
239938073	lurking variable	accounted for in experimental design by use of control group
239938074	single-blind	subjects do not know which treatment they are receiving
239938075	control group	necessary component to a comparative experiment, this group often receives a placebo
239938076	voluntary response sample	consists of people who choose themselves to be in a survey
239938077	population	the entire group to be studied
239938078	lack of realism	the reason most often cited for discounting lab rat research
239938079	experiment	treatment is deliberately imposed on individuals in order to observe responses
239938080	confounding variables	two or more variables whose effect on the response cannot be determined
239938081	bias	systematic design of an experiment that favors a certain outcome
239938082	statistically significant	an observed effect so large that iwould rarely occur by chance
239938083	Design	the arrangement of pattern for producing data
239938084	census	an attempt to measure every member of a population
239938085	double-blind	neither the subjects nor those observing know which subject received which treatment
239938086	unit	name for anything but a human in a study