AP World History Q3 Test Flashcards

331935268	Erasmus	Important humanist thinker; wrote In Praise of Folly	0
331935269	Zheng He	Made seven voyages for China	1
331935270	Vasco da Gamma	Portuguese mariner who reached India in 1498	2
331935271	Brunelleschi	Dome on the cathedral of Florence was designed by him	3
331935272	Hongwu	Founder of the Ming Dynasty	4
331935273	Ibn Battuta	Legal scholar (qadi) who traveled extensively recording his observations	5
331935274	Marco Polo	His stories influenced other Europeans to visit China	6
331935275	Yongle	Compiled Chinese history and cultural traditions into a large encyclopedia	7
331935276	Magellan	First to circumnavigate the globe	8
331935277	Dias	First to sail around the Cape of Good Hope; first named it the Cape of Storms	9
331935278	James Cook	Led three expeditions for English into the Pacific in the eighteenth century	10
331935279	Netherlands	Most prosperous country in Europe in the 17th century	11
331935280	fur	Russian merchants and explorers began expedition into Siberia in search of what?	12
331935281	Prince Henry	Set up navigational school and sponsored a series of voyages down the west coast of Africa	13
331935282	Portugal	First European nation to dominate trade with Asia	14
331935283	Aztec	Early Native American civilization located near present day Mexico City	15
331935284	Astrolab	This new instrument was designed to measure latitude	16
331935285	sugarcane	The Portugese viewed the Atlantic Ocean Islands as a great location for the cultivation of what?	17
331935286	Australia	By 1750, all parts of the world participated in a global trade network in which Europeans played a dominate role except which country?	18
331935287	spices	Europeans desired what from India?	19
331935288	England	What country carried out most of the actual exploration of the Pacific Ocean?	20
331935289	VOC	Abbreviation of The United East India Company	21
331935290	Manila	The center of the Spanish commercial activity in Asia	22
331935291	Council of Trent	The council took steps to reform the Catholic Church	23
331935292	Martin Luther	Who said, "I cannot and will not recant anything, for it is neither safe nor right to act against one's conscience. Here I stand. I can do no other."	24
331935293	Henry VIII	English King who left the Catholic Church to secure a divorce	25
331935294	sell of indulgences	What sparked Martin Luther to post his 95 Thesis?	26
331935295	Charles V	This leader tried but failed to centralize authority and the Catholic Church in the Holy Roman Empire; retired to monastery	27
331935296	Charles I	The English Civil War ended with the trial and decapitation of this King	28
331935297	Louis XIV	Versailles was the royal palace of this King; the Sun King	29
331935298	Portugal	This nation led the way in Early European exploration	30
331935299	Fernando and Isabel	They established the Spanish Inquisition in 1478	31
331935300	Thirty Years' War	The most destructive European conflict before the 20th Century was this war	32
331935301	Jesuits	Ignatius Loyola founded the __________?	33
331935302	Adam Smith	First proponent of capitalism	34
331935303	Isaac Newton	Theory of universal gravitation is associated with whom?	35
331935304	Netherlands	England and what other country established a constitutional government in the 17th century?	36
331935305	Elizabeth	Last of the Tudor dynasty; one of the most famous monarchs of England	37
331935306	Renaissance	Fascination with the classical Rome and Greece, means "rebirth"	38
331935307	Phillip II	The Spanish leader who sent an armada against England in 1588	39
331935308	Muslims	Cotton was brought to west Africa by whom?	40
331935309	land	Luxury goods of high value relative to their weight usually traveled by _______ routes.	41
331935310	China	The outbreak of the bubonic plague in the 14th century began where?	42
331935311	centralized	Under Hongwu, China moved to a more ________ governmental form	43
331935312	Reconquista	The Spanish attempt to win Spain back from Islamic control	44
331935313	African slaves	From 1500 to 1800, the largest contingent of migrants consisted of ________ ________.	45
331935314	Chinese	The sternpost ruder and magnetic compass were both ___________ inventions	46
331935315	Cardinal Richelieu	The architect of French absolutism	47
331935316	John Calvin	Author of the Institutions of the Christian Religion	48
331935317	Catholicism	Under Spanish rule, the Philippines were pressured to convert to ___________	49
331935318	Joint-Stock Companies	Important institutions in early capitalist societies	50
331935319	Glorious Revolution	William and Mary took the throne in England through what conflict?	51
331935320	Shah Jahan	Mughal ruler who constructed the Taj Mahal	52
331935321	Osman	Founder of the Ottoman Empire	53
331935322	Babur	Founder of the Mughal dynasty and a descendant of Tamerlane	54
331935323	Aurangzeb	Mughal empire reached its greatest geographic size during his reign	55
331935324	Hurrem Sultana	A concubine who had tremendous influence over Suleyman	56
331935325	Akbar	Islamic Leader who abolished the jizya	57
331935326	Shah Ismail	Islamic leader who converted to Twelver Shiism	58
331935327	Mehmed II	Conquered Constantinople	59
331935328	Suleyman	Ottoman Empire reached its greatest size and power under his rule	60
331935329	Qianlong	Made Vietnam, Burma, and Nepal vassal states of China	61
331935330	Manchu	Toppled the Ming Dynasty	62
331935331	Qing	Last imperial dynasty of China; came after the Ming. Translation means "pure"	63
331935332	Ming	Overthrew the Yuan dynasty, translated means "brilliant"	64
331935333	Ieyasu	In 1600, finished the process of unifying Japan	65
331935334	Daimyo	Powerful Japanese territorial lords	66
331935335	Son of Heaven	The Chinese emperor's role in maintaining order on Earth	67
331935336	limited	Foreign trade during the Qing dynasty was ______	68
331935337	Treaty of Tordesillas	Split Central and South America between Spain and Portugal	69
331935338	Peninsulares	Spanish migrants who were born in Europe	70
331935339	Dutch	The first recorded European sighting of Australia was made by the ______	71
331935340	English	Established the first permanent settlement in Australia	72
331935341	French	In North America, the ____ found the fur trade to be their most profitable commodity	73
331935342	Cortes	Defeated the Aztecs	74
331935343	Pizarro	Conquered the Incan Empire	75
331935344	Spanish	Wanted control of Guam because it was on the route between Acapulco and Manila	76
331935345	Timbuktu	Center of Islamic Learning in West Africa	77
331935346	Portuguese	First European slave traders were the _______	78
331935347	Haiti	Only place where a slave revolt brought about an end to slavery	79
332796237	Denmark	First Europeans to abolish the slave trade	80
332796238	Songhay	Last of the great imperial states of West Africa; dominated West Africa for much of the 16th century	81
332796239	Great Zimbabwe	Large fortified city in southern Africa, dominated the gold trade there until the late 15th century	82
332796240	Mestizo	Of European and Native American descent	83
332796241	war captives	Throughout history most slaves came from ______ ________	84
332796242	Dutch	A trading post in Cape Town was built by who?	85
332796243	17th	What century did the most slave trading take place?	86
332796244	indentured servants	The original source of labor for North America	87
332796245	Nomads	The Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal empires all originally came from ________	88
332796246	Twelver Shiism	Belief that the twelfth infallible imam was still alive and would return to spread his faith	89
332796247	jizya	tax paid by non-Muslims in an Islamic country	90
332796248	sikhism	syncretic combination of Hinduism and Buddhism	91
332796249	Akbar	Most tolerant leader of Islamic countries	92
332796250	merchants	The least desirable class according to Confucian traditions	93
332796251	Tokugawa Shogunate	Japanese ruling dynasty that strove to isolate it from foreign influences	94
332796252	Ghazi	Islamic religious warrior	95
332796253	Janissaries	Christian boys taken from families, converted to Islam, and then rigorously trained to serve the sultan	96
332796254	Herzl	Founder of Zionism	97
332796255	Elizabeth Cady Stanton	Organizer of the Seneca Falls Conference	98
332796256	Locke	Author of the Second Treatise of Civil Government	99
332796257	Bolivar	Wanted to unite the former Spanish colonies of South America into a confederation like the United States	100
332796258	L'Ouverture	Leader responsible for the Saint-Domingue uprising	101
332796259	San Martin	Leader of the independence movement in Argentina	102
332796260	Bismarck	Believed that the great issues of his day would be determined by "blood and iron"	103
332796261	Bessemer	HIs innovations made it possible to produce cheaper steel	104
332796262	Rockefeller	The petroleum monopoly, Standard Oil Company	105
332796263	Marx	Author of Manifesto of the Communist Party	106
332796264	Henry Ford	His assembly line made the production process quicker, cheaper, and more efficient	107
332796265	Rousseau	In his Social Contract argued that equality should include the right to vote for all	108
332796266	Robespierre	Radical period of the French Revolution took place under his leadership	109
332796267	Reign of Terror	Radical stage of Revolution, leader was Robespierre, guillotine was symbol	110
332796268	Von Metternich	Leading Conservative politician at the Congress of Vienna	111
332796269	James Watt	Inventor of the Steam Engine	112
332796270	Jenner	Vaccination against smallpox	113
332796271	No taxation without representation	Slogan of the American Revolution	114
332796272	National Assembly	Expressed the guiding principles of the French Revolution by issuing the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen	115
332796273	Liberty, equality, fraternity	Battle cry of the French Revolution	116
332796274	Great Britain	Industrial Revolution began where?	117
332796275	bourgeoisie	Middle class in revolutionary French: the doctors, lawyers, merchants, business owners	118
332796276	factory system	The dominant form of industrial organization by the end of the nineteenth century	119
332796277	capitalists and proletariat	Marx and Engles proposed that capitalism divided people into which two classes?	120