Part 6 Flashcards

333750793	Divine Rights of Kings	A theory that assumed that God appointed all monarchs to rule on his behalf. Therefore, any policy, decree, plan, or approach adopted by royalty could not be questioned or disobeyed.	0
333750794	Creole	a white person born in Spanish America of Spanish parents	1
333750795	Mestizo	a person of mixed racial ancestry (especially mixed European and Native American ancestry)	2
333750796	Social Contract	an implicit agreement among people that results in the organization of society	3
333750797	Empiricism	the theory that all knowledge originates in experience	4
333750798	Philosophes	Thinkers of the Enlightenment; Wanted to educate the socially elite, but not the masses; were not allowed to openly criticize church or state, so used satire and double-meaning in their writings to avoid being banned; Salons held by wealthy women also kept philosophes safe; They considered themselves part of an intellectual community, and wrote back and forth to each other to share ideas.	5
333911835	enlightened despotism	a system of government in which the ruler has absolute rights over his or her subjects, but uses this power for their benefit	6
333911836	bourgeoisie	a french word to identify with employers, and members of the 'middle class', professionals, artisans, and shopkeepers.	7
333911837	jacobins	The most radical party of the French Revolution	8
333911838	Giorndins	French Revolutionary group formed largely from the middle class.	9
333911839	Montagnards	radical French Revolutionary party, closely associated with the Jacobins and supported by the artisans, and shopkeepers.	10
333911840	sansculotte	members of the militant, generally poorer classes of paris, so-called because they wore trousers rather than the knee-breeches of affluent society.	11
333911841	balance of power	a policy that aims to secure peace by preventing any one state or alighment of states from becoming too dominant.	12
333911842	mulatto	a person of mixed race, usually with parents of European and African origin	13
333911843	vodoun	the popular religious cult of haiti, as well as other areas of the Caribbean.	14
333911844	mazombo	a direct descendant of portuguese settlers in the Americas	15
333911845	neo-colonialism	the control exercised by a state or group of states of the developed world over the economies and societies of the developing world.	16
333911846	enclosure acts	laws passed in England in the late 1700s and 1800s that converted public lands held in common into parcels of land to be sold to private owners.	17
333911847	cartel	An association of independent producers or businessmen whose aim is to control the supply of a particular commodity	18
333911848	proletariat	In marxist theory, those who live solely by the sale of their labor	19
333911849	extraterritoriality	Legal immunities enjoyed by the citizens of a sovereign state or international organization within a host country	20
333911850	Shogun	The military leader who ruled Japan in the name of the emperor	21
333911851	Meiji Restoration	The Reforms effected in japan in the name of the emperor Mutsihito, who was known as the Meiji emperor.	22