Imperialism Flashcards

336125369	New imperialism	territorial conquests by Europe and the U.S.; more conquests inland due to mil. and med. tech (railroads, weapons, quinine)	0
336125370	Political motives of imperialism	power and land	1
336125371	Cultural motives of imperialism	improve rights of women, spread Christianity	2
336125372	Economic motives of imperialism	need minerals and crops for indust.; businessmen protect against foreign comp.; end slavery (replaced by cheap indigenous labor)	3
336125373	Exploration imperialism	14 and 1500s; less penetration of African and Asian interior; less direct infl.	4
336125374	Colonies	regions politically controlled by distant country (Dutch in S. Africa, British in India)	5
336125375	Protectorates	rel. protection and partial control by superior power over dependent country (Cuba, Panama)	6
336125376	Spheres of influence	area controlled pol./econ. by one nation (Euro in Africa and China)	7
336125377	King Leopold	Belgium king who took control of Congo; exploited rubber; turned natives virtually into slaves; kept revenue for himself	8
336125378	The Berlin Conference	prompted by King Leopold; European powers divide Africa but don't consult any Africans, result in scramble for Africa	9
336125379	White Man's Burden	white men's duty is to civilize the savage Africans (poem by Rudyard Kipling)	10
336125380	Zulu	South Africa; unique fighting style; defeated due to Euros having superior tech.	11
336125381	Afrikan/Boer Wars	Brits est. colony and force Boers to migrate (Great Trek); diamond mining causes tension; Boers win 1st war and lose 2nd	12
336125382	Apartheid	apartness in S. Africa aka segregation; Nelson Mandela and world opinion abolish in early 1990s	13
336125383	British East India Company	rise of British raj; Battle of Plassey; Brit. victory over Indian and French means less Mughal power	14
336125384	1st ruling period of India	peaceful co-existence; traditional systems	15
336125385	Zamindars	local tax collectors under BEIC; over-tax and seize peasant lands	16
336125386	2nd ruling period	assimilation; change ruling policies b/c corruption in BEIC and rel. revival	17
336125387	British reforms	end social practices like sati; promote English lang.; public schools; missionaries	18
336125388	Sepoy Rebellion	Indian soldiers under British control revolt; Badshahi govt. tries to take control of India b/c they object to trade monopoly; rel. conflict; native artisanship reduced	19
336125389	Result of Sepoy Rebellion	British troops crush mutiny	20
336125390	The Origin of Species and the Descent of Man	Charles Darwin; survival of the fittest	21
336125391	Social Darwinism	natural selection applies to humans; justified imperialism and eugenics	22
336125392	British imperialism in Australia	British claim Australia b/c they say Aboriginals are savages; friendly relations at first but then turn into war; Pemulwuy leads attacks against whites; massacre @ Myall Creek	23
336125393	White Australia Policy	Immigration Restriction Act = only Euros could immigrate to Australia; final parts of act removed in 1973	24
336125394	Egypt under Ottoman Rule	late 1800s O. infl. weak; local beys had more power; Muhammad Ali defeated French and O; as viceroy had almost exclusive control; INDUSTRIALIZED EGYPT	25
336125395	Suez Canal	connected Med. and Indian Ocean; sell stock in canal; 1882 British declare Egypt a protectorate	26
336125396	Ottomans	lose territory throughout 18 and 1800s; ind. movements in Greece & SE Euro; lose all terr. except Turkey after WWI	27
336125397	Chinese isolation	Until 1830s; Euros only trade in Canton w/ strict limits	28
336125398	Opium Wars	Brits begin to import more Chinese tea; trade imbalance b/c China no longer imported British cotton; Manchu forbid opium; Chinese forced to sign Treaty of Nanjing	29
336125399	Taiping Rebellion	Chinese Buddhists try to bring down Manchu govt.; 20 million killed	30
336125400	Boxer Rebellion	the Righteous and Harmonious Fists try to stop foreign infl. in China; rebellion crushed and leads to end of imperial rule in 1911	31
336125401	Matthew Perry	Black Ships; force J. to est. trade and diplomatic relations w/ U.S.; unequal treaties	32
336125402	Internal conflict in Japan	shogunate's deal w/ west - dishonorable; emperor takes control	33
336125403	Modernization of Meiji Japan	abolish feudal order; constitutional government (although suffrage very limited); diet = elected parliament	34
336125404	Zaibatsu	state initiative and private investment; consolidate econ. power in hands of few powerful families	35
336125405	Social dev.	no reforms to ease rural pop.'s burden; massive pop. growth; women inferior at home; high school ed.; silk industry	36
336125406	Sino-Japanese War	Japan gains infl. over Korea	37
336125407	Russo-Japanese War	Japan's navy leads to victory over Russia; Russian revolution in 1905	38
336125408	Japan annexes Korea in	1910	39
336125409	Japan and Russia	both latecomers to indust.; isolated; pressure from West; RR and steam engines	40