Industrial Revolution Flashcards

323093605	Industrial Revolution	mass production of goods by machine; began late 1700s and ended 1800/1900s	0
323093606	Population growth	caused by new crops, immigration, people marry at younger age, resist disease	1
323093607	Trade	growing trade and production infl. by pop. growth; sugar, silk, cotton, porcelain imports; tech.	2
323093608	Enclosure Act	consolidate lands, tenants become landless farm workers and move to cities	3
323093609	Rivers and canals	easy transport, water power, trade routes	4
323093610	Why Britain?	leading exporter; marine; less distinct class divisions; unified internal market	5
323093611	Natural resources	coal, cotton, wool, tin	6
323093612	New technology	specialization, textile, agriculture	7
323093613	Adam Smith	Wealth of Nations; division of labor	8
323093614	Laissez-faire	free market without government interference	9
323093615	Division of labor	workers specialize in 1 or 2 tasks; > prod. > wealth	10
323093616	Farming	one exception to division of labor	11
323093617	Communist Manifesto	bourgeoisie vs. proletariat; change society - be ruling class	12
323093618	Steam Engine	James Watt; energy for machines; factories away from water	13
323093619	Cotton Gin	Eli Whitney; increase cotton prod. and supply	14
323093620	Bacteria and Pasteurization:	louis pasteur; immunization	15
323093621	Smallpox	Edward Jenner	16
323093622	Bessemer Steel	Henry Bessemer; refine iron into stronger steel	17
323093623	Spinning jenny	James Hargreaves; increase textile; makes textile industry Britain's biggest	18
323093624	20%	of the world exposed to industrialization	19
323093625	Railroads and steamships	transport goods by land and sea; more people have acces to goods at lower price; > demand	20
323093626	Telegraph	Samuel Morse; improved communication w/ businesses, cities, and countries	21
323093627	Canals	connect waterways; transport resources and finished prod.	22
323093628	Palm Oil	West Africa; export economy	23
323093629	U.S., Russia, and Japan	2nd to industrialize (3 countries)	24
323093630	Interchangeable parts	speed prod., less skill; Eli Whitney, rifle prod.	25
323093631	Bourgeoisie	Upper/middle class; factory owners	26
323093632	Proletariat	Working class	27
323093633	Global Economy	industrialists want new materials and markets; growth of export economy	28
323093634	Decline of agriculture based economy	Cotton industry in India	29
323093635	British and French try to open	Chinese markets	30
323093636	United Fruit company	monopoly over economy, production, labor, and politics	31
323093637	Banana Republic	export nations dominated by companies; rubber from the Congo	32
323093638	Financial institutions	facilitate investments of capital; stock markets; insurance	33
323093639	Utopia	peaceful; voluntary surrender means of prod. end poverty	34
323093640	Marxism	class struggle leads from oppression to classless society	35
323093641	Anarchism	all forms of govt. undesirable	36
323093642	Resistance	Qing and Ottoman	37
323093643	Meiji Japan	agric. tax increases to pay for govt. sponsored industries, turn over to private sector	38
323093644	Factory and RR dev. in Tsarist Russia	abolish serfdom; govt. funded RR & fact.; tarrifs protect russian industry	39
323093645	Capitalism	private ownership of industry; free competition; unequal economic classes	40
323093646	Socialism	public ownership and broad control of industry; goal is working class controls and benefits; co-exists with capitalism	41
323093647	Communism	public ownership and central control of industry; goal is classless society; no capitalism	42