P3 - Part 2 Flashcards

318789950	German Kingdoms	Visigoths, Ostrogoths, Lombards, Burdgundians, Angles/Saxons	0
318789951	Charlemagne	Grandson of Charles Martel, founder of Carolingian empire, first to create an empire in Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire	1
318789952	Norse Expansion	Scandinavian homelands, population pressure, attacked towns and villages	2
318789953	Establishment of regional authorities	Ran by local Aristocrat	3
318789954	Major sources of order	Feudalism and Catholic Church	4
318789955	Manors	Largely self-sufficient communities	5
318789956	Mideval Warming Period	warmer temperatures	6
318789957	Mediterranean trade	merchants trade with Muslims	7
318789958	Hanseatic League	Norse merchant mariners	8
318789959	Roles of monasteries (monks)	dominant feature in social and cultural life, organized much of labor force	9
318789960	Problems in the church	village priests married, bishops sold church positions, kings were in control of determining who was to be a bishop, Avignon Papacy (Babylon Captivity of the Papacy), Great Schism	10
318789961	Crusades	failed to take over Palestine from the Muslims, encouraged trade with Muslims; demands for luxury goods increased	11
318789962	Holy Roman Empire	proclaimed Otto emperor in 962, church officials would no longer be appointed by local rulers	12
318789963	Last successful invasion	Duke William of Normandy invaded England in 1066	13
318789964	Prosperous northern Italian city-states	Florence, Bologna, Genoa, Milan, Venice	14
318789965	Feudalism/Manorialism	greatest need was protection from invaders	15
318789966	Primogeniture	land and titles were passed down to the eldest son	16
318789967	Crop rotation methods	grew crops on 2/3 property, equals more food	17
318789968	agricultural techniques and tools	manure as fertilizer, books and treatises, heavy plows. Lead to population growth	18
318789969	Clergy	"Those who pray"	19
318789970	Nobles, Military	"Those who fight"	20
318789971	Peasants, serfs	"Those who work"	21
318789972	Chivalry	widely recognized code of ethics and behavior for the feudal nobles (Japanese - Bushido)	22
318789973	Guilds	regulated production, sale of goods, standards of quality for manufactured goods, determined prices, regulated entry of new workers. Social significance: friendship, mutual support, built halls. Most admitted women, some had their own	23
318789974	Caravel	allowed sailing against the wind	24
318789975	All tied to the church	schools, universities, and scholastic theology	25
318789976	Bantu migration	spread agriculture and herding, displaced and/or absorbed hunting/gathering/fishing people, Iron metallurgy for clearing more land; yams, sorghum, and millet cultivated	26
318789977	stateless society	kin-based society, elaborate bureaucracy, governed through family and kinship groups, village council consisted of male family heads	27
318789978	Chiefdoms	imposed authority and conquered	28
318789979	Kingdom of Kongo	states/kingdoms along Congo River	29
318789980	Ghana	most important commercial site, provided gold, ivory, slaves	30
318789981	Mali	controlled and taxed almost all trade passing through west Africa, enormous caravans from Mali to North Africa	31
318789982	Sundiata	lion prince that built Mali empire	32
318789983	Mansa Musa	grandnephew of Sundiata, pilgrimage to Mecca, established Islamic schools	33
318789984	Songhai	replaced Mali, controlled trade	34
318789985	Swahili city-states	Kush and Axum	35
318789986	Language of trade	Swahili language combined with Bantu and Arabic	36
318789987	Zimbabwe	powerful kingdom, kings organized flow of gold, ivory, and slaves	37
318789988	King's power	based on the amount of trade he controlled	38
318789989	Sex and Gender relations	men undertook heavy labor, women responsible for child rearing, domestic chores, men monopolized public authority, women were a high honor as the source of life	39
318789990	Slavery	captives of war, debtors, criminals, slave trade increased after the eleventh century	40