AP World History Test 3 Flashcards

339304947	Gavrilo Princip	assassinated the archduke and his wife while they were trying to leave; trained by Serbia but came from Bosnia	0
339304948	What were the four causes of World War I?	~Nationalism ~Imperialism ~Militarism ~Alliances	1
339456813	What factors led to the contraction of the Ottoman Empire?	~lack of industry ~rebellions in parts of the empire	2
339456814	Why did Russia support Bosnia and Serbia?	They were Slavic and had an alliance	3
339456815	Franz Ferdinand had what political significance?	~ heir to the throne of Russia ~ Commander in Chief for the armies	4
339456816	Alexandra Romanov	Wife of Nicholas II	5
339456817	Rasputin	spiritual adviser who helped Alexis calm down and keep from bleeding out; Sociopath trusted by the Czar and helped lead the country	6
339456818	Alexander Kerensky	Believed that in order to advance, Russia had to keep good relations with the West and kept the country in the war, but the soldiers returned home anyway.	7
339456819	Duma	Russian parliament led by people who did not want radical change and wanted to stay in the war	8
339456820	Mensheviks	Socialists who believe the elite should lead the people	9
339456821	Bolsheviks	Socialists (Marxists) who thought average people should rule.	10
339456822	Vladimir Lenin	~Promised Russia peace, property, and bread ~Supported by Germany and gave them 1/3 of Russia for doing so	11
339456823	Treaty of Brest-Litovsk	peace treaty between Germany and Russia that benefited Germany more when they got 1/3 of Russian land	12
339456824	Russian Civil War	~25 million dead, third revolt but the biggest ~The Czar and his family were killed during this time	13
339456825	T. E. Lawrence	British academic who studied the Arabs so intently that he eventually lost sight of his own identity and became one of them. ~Asked his commanders for permission to attempt to get them as allies to overthrow the Ottoman Empire and weaken Germany	14
339456826	Fourteen Points for Peace	~Woodrow Wilson's suggestion to Germany that involved solving the problems that began WWI ~Germany surrendered because they assumed this was the official peace treaty but the Allies disagreed	15
339456827	Treaty of Versailles	Decided by the Untied States, France, Britain, and Italy. Germany had to admit that they started the war, demoted them to a small and defensive-only military, no more weapons, couldn't draft soldiers, and lost territory.	16
339456828	What were some of the reasons for the Russian Revolution?	~Incompetence of Nicholas II ~Russia was suffering in the war due to lack of industrialization and wanted out of the war	17
339456829	What did Lenin give up in order to have peace with Germany?	1/3 of Russian territory	18
339456830	How did the Fourteen Points for Peace attempt to solve the problems that led to WWI?	Tried to solve the 4 reasons WWI started : ~Imperialism ~Nationalism ~Militarism ~Alliances	19
339456831	The Treaty of Versailles attempted what major components?	~Germany took responsibility for the war ~small, defensive-only military ~military weapons were confiscated ~aren't allowed to draft soldiers ~ lost territory	20
339456832	Central Powers	~Germany ~Austria ~Ottoman Empire ~Bulgaria	21
339456833	Allied Powers	~Great Britain ~France ~Russia ~Serbia	22
339456834	Francis Joseph	Led Austria	23
339456835	Wilhelm II	Led Germany	24
339456836	Raymond Poincaré	French leader originated from Alsace-Lorraine so he was removed from office due to his bias; he wanted his country for France	25
339456837	Georges Clemenceau	Took over and led France through most of WWI	26
339456838	Nicholas II	Led Russia	27
339456839	Von Schlieffen Plan	Germany's plan to attack France and conquer Paris in 2 weeks and turn around to face a weak Russia who hasn't industrialized. Failed because Belgium attacked and Russia prepared in 2 weeks, not 1 month like expected.	28
339456840	Western Front	Britain and France	29
339456841	Eastern Front	Russia	30
339456842	Unrestricted Submarine Warfare	Germany surrounds Britain with their newly advanced submarines and cut off all trade with them, including food and medical supplies by shooting ANY ship in the war zone.	31
339456843	Propaganda	Britain used propaganda to demonize Germany and led to the United States feeling sympathetic toward their mother country.	32
339456844	Lusitania	British passenger ship that had Americans on board and was sunk by a German torpedo in 1915 because it was carrying war weapons	33
339456845	Freedom of the Seas	philosophy that deems the ocean as free and supported by Britain and the US	34
339456846	Zimmerman Note	~German message sent to Mexico asking them to become an ally and attack the US ~Intercepted by British spies and published in the American newspaper	35
339456847	How is World War I an example of "total war"?	~use every resource available ~attack everyone, including civilians ~massive research of new weapons ~new ideology	36
339456848	The Ottoman Empire was involved in what violent nationalistic movement during WWI?	The Armenian Genocide	37
339456849	Britain and Germany were both involved in breaking international law during WWI in what ways?	~They blockaded and kept medicine and food from entering the country ~Germany had submarines	38
339456850	Why was the US more sympathetic toward Britain than to Germany?	~trading partners ~similar culture ~mother land ~propaganda used by Britain against Germany	39
339456851	The US became involved in WWI for what reasons?	~unrestricted submarine warfare ~sinking of Lusitania ~Freedom of Seas being ignored ~Zimmermann note	40
339456852	Age of Uncertainty	~Bloomed from failure to resolve WWI ~New types of government, culture, and terrorism methods were formed ~Communism was extreme socialism ~Fascism was extreme capitalism	41
339456853	Surrealism	Art style that looks like alternate realities	42
339456854	Cubism	use of geometric shapes, an artist being Picasso	43
339456855	Existentialism	personal philosophy that states that whatever is most important to you is the meaning of life and that not everyone has the same views	44
339456856	Friedrich Nietzsche	~German philosopher who believed in Roman beliefs like discipline and strength ~Thought that there IS a path and it can be found by being assertive ~Hitler warped his views for his own benefit	45
339456857	Theory of Relativity	discovered by Albert Einstein and states that both space and time are intermingled	46
339456858	Quantum Mechanics	states that the universe exists on subatomic level and that every atom is made up of smaller pieces	47
339456859	Big Bang Theory	discovered by Edwin Hubble and Georges Laimaître and says that the universe is expanding through the Doppler Effect	48
339456860	Sigmund Freud	psychoanalysis	49
339456861	Dictatorship of the Proletariat	Workers are supposed to rule, but Lenin didn't trust the uneducated workers and instead took complete control	50
339456862	Leon Trotsky	Lenin's best friend who assumed that he would take over after the death of his friend, but Stalin challenged him and won	51
339456863	Joseph Stalin	~Ally of convenience until the end of the war ~Used radical methods to industrialize, like purges where he killed anyone who opposed him	52
339456864	Five Year Plans	After a 15 year span, Russia would be industrialized and it worked as they changed faster than Japan did through Stalin's harsh methods	53
339456865	Totalitarian	A dictator's complete control over a country	54
339456866	Command Economy	All decisions are made by the state/government, no private industry	55
339456867	Kulaks	wealthy farmers who opposed agricultural collectivism because it took their land and combined them to be controlled by the government	56
339456868	Russia had what problems following WWI?	~Behind industrially ~Weak from the War ~unstable government	57
339456869	Stalin attempted to eliminate what three groups during his purges?	~old communists ~military leaders ~kulaks	58
340254706	Sun Yat-sen	~Founded the Chinese Nationalist Party and supported by local warlords ~Led the Revolution against the Manchu (Qing) Dynasty	59
340254707	Puyi	Last emperor of Qing Dynasty after Dowager Civi	60
340254708	Yuan Shikai	army general who became president of Chinese Republic and did not defend the Qing	61
340254709	Guomindang	Chinese Nationalist Party	62
340254710	Chiang Kai-shek	leader of the Guomindang	63
340254711	Mao Zedong	led Communist revolt	64
340254712	What internal and external factors led to the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty?	~rebellions like the Taiping, Boxer, White Lotus,... ~Opium War (external)	65
340254713	Gulags	camps where the kulaks (farmers) were sent when they were in the way of Lenin	66
340254714	October 29, 1929	The stock market crashes, losing over half its value. This marks the beginning of the Great Depression	67
340254715	Depression	an economic slump that lasts for over 3 financial quarters	68
340254716	Recession	negative growth for at least 3 financial quarters	69
340254717	The New Deal	plan proposed by Franklin D. Roosevelt to recover from the Great Depression by pumping government money into the economy in order to provide more jobs	70
340254718	The Great Depression led to what worldwide consequences?	~Current economic theory ~willingness to support radical ideas	71
340254719	What is an example of nationalism in the Middle East?	Arabs fought against Jewish immigration	72
340254720	Identify 3 examples of imperialism in the Middle East.	~British control of Egypt ~T.E Lawrence encouraging the Arabs ~Using the British army to attack Ira and Iran	73
340254721	What is an example of the effect alliances had on the Middle East?	The Middle East was split among Britain, France, Greek, and Italy	74