Chapter 26: The New Deal
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| 325810105 | bank holiday | FDR's administration closed the banks for 4 days starting March 6th while Congress considered banking reform legislation | |
| 325810106 | Emergency Banking Act | primarily protected larger banks from being dragged under by smaller ones and made the Treasury Department inspect banks before they could reopen; ended the immediate crisis | |
| 325810107 | 21st Amendment | ratified in 1933, it repealed prohibition | |
| 325810108 | Agricultural Adjustment Act | had a provision for reducing crop production to end surpluses, made producers of 7 commodities decide on production limits, and created the Agricultural Adjustment Administration | |
| 325810109 | The Radio President | FDR was called this because of his use of technology to connect with the people | |
| 325810110 | Fireside Chats | during these, FDR connected with the American people and explained the reasoning behind his new programs | |
| 325810111 | National Industrial Recovery Act | created the National Recovery Administration, which was led by Hugh S. Johnson, and established blanket codes regarding labor and minimum wage in an attempt to increase purchasing power and employment | |
| 325810112 | blue eagle | a sign placed on products that showed the companies were conforming to NRA guidelines | |
| 325810113 | Public Works Administration | established to administer the NIRA's spending programs | |
| 325810114 | Harry Hopkins | supervised the Federal Emergency Relief Administration, the Civil Works Administration, and the Works Progress Administration | |
| 325810115 | Schechter Decision | two brothers from Brooklyn said that the NRA codes were illegal because the federal government can't regulate intrastate commerce | |
| 325810116 | Tennessee Valley Authority | most celebrated accomplishment of the New Deal, it built dams to provide electricity to rural areas | |
| 325810117 | Glass-Steagall Act | June 1933, gave the government authority to curb irresponsible bank speculation | |
| 325810118 | Truth In Securities Act | required corporations issuing new securities to provide information about them to the public to protect investors | |
| 325810119 | Federal Emergency Relief Administration | provided cash to states to prop up bankrupt relief agencies | |
| 325810120 | Keynesian economics | the economic principles that the government must spend to fix the economy | |
| 325810121 | Pump Priming | stimulating the economy through government spending | |
| 325810122 | Civilian Conservation Corps | designed to provide employment to millions of young men who could find no work in cities; it created camps in national parks where the men planted trees and built reservoirs | |
| 325810123 | Federal Housing Administration | insured mortgages for new construction and home repairs | |
| 325810124 | Second New Deal | in this set of programs, FDR was now willing to openly attack corporate interests | |
| 325810125 | American Liberty League | a group of wealthy opponents led by the DuPont family formed this to oppose the New Deal, and was mainly supported by northern industrialists | |
| 325810126 | Popular Front | Political group active in aiding the leftist forces in the Spanish Civil War; Ernest Hemingway and other prominent American intellectuals and writers joined the group | |
| 325810127 | Dr. Francis Townsend | California physician who led more than 5 million people with his plan to give retired 60+ year olds pensions | |
| 325810129 | Father Charles Coughlin | the radio priest; he wanted a reform of the monetary system and he created the National Union of Social Justice | |
| 325810130 | Senator Huey Long | advocated a program of wealth redistribution called the share-our-wealth plan, and formed the share-our-wealth society | |
| 325810131 | Alf M. Landon | Republican nominee for the 1936 presidential election | |
| 325810132 | Holding Company Act | attacked utility company monopolies, but its effects were limited by lobbyists | |
| 325810133 | "soak the rich" scheme | new tax reforms that raised taxes to the highest ever in peacetime history | |
| 325810134 | National Labor Relations Act | aka the Wagner Act, it restored rights to labor unions that had been taken away after 7(a) was repealed, and it provided enforcement | |
| 325810136 | Industrial unionism | the idea that unions should be arranged based on industry, not on skill | |
| 325810137 | John L. Lewis | leader of the United Mine Workers who formed the Congress of Industrial Organizations | |
| 325810138 | Congress of Industrial Organizations | formed by John L. Lewis, it was more receptive to women and blacks than the AFL, and it was more militant | |
| 325810139 | sit-down strike | a new type of strike where workers would sit at their place and refuse to work or to leave | |
| 325810140 | Memorial Day Massacre | 1937, a legal march of striking workers from Republic Steel was shot at | |
| 325810141 | Social Security Act | provided pensions for the elderly for most jobs, unemployment insurance, federal aid to dependent children | |
| 325810142 | insurance not welfare | the goal of Social Security | |
| 325810143 | Works Progress Administration | employed 2.1 million on renovations of public buildings, airports, roads, and bridges | |
| 325810144 | Federal Writers' Project | gave unemployed writers jobs | |
| 325810145 | National Youth Administration | provided work and scholarships to high school and college students | |
| 325810146 | National Referendum | when FDR won the 1936 election in a landslide, he took it as this | |
| 325810147 | Union Party | nominated North Dakota Congressman WIlliam Lemke for the 1936 election | |
| 325810148 | Party Realignment | FDR was responsible for this after winning in a landslide | |
| 325810149 | Coalition | the Democrats formed this after FDR's administration | |
| 325810150 | court-packing plan | FDR wanted to add up to 6 new justices to the Supreme Court in an effort to gain support for his programs | |
| 325810152 | Temporary National Economic Committee | created to look at reforming antitrust laws | |
| 325810153 | Fair Labor Standards Act | established national minimum wage, 40 hour work week, and limits on child labor | |
| 325810154 | broker state | new interest groups were elevated and strengthened so they could compete more effectively in the national marketplace with the federal government acting as a mediator | |
| 325810155 | Marian Anderson | black singer who was refused permission to sing at Washington's only concert hall, so Eleanor Roosevelt resigned from the organization that refused her | |
| 325810156 | black cabinet | informal advisors to FDR, including Robert Weaver, William Hastie, and Mary McLoed Bethune | |
| 325810158 | John Collier | Commissioner of Indian Affairs who wanted to give Indians the right to live in traditional ways | |
| 325810159 | cultural relativism | belief that cultures should be judged by their own standards | |
| 325810160 | Indian Reorganization Act | restored the rights to tribes to collectively own land | |
| 325810161 | Francis Perkins | FDR appoints her to be secretary of labor; the first female cabinet holder; inspected factories after the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire | |
| 325810162 | Hattie Caraway | became the first woman elected to a full term as senator in 1934 | |
| 325810163 | Special Protection for Women | a controversial topic among feminists | |
| 325810164 | Grand Coulee Dam | the largest public works project in history up to that point, located on the Columbia River | |
| 325810165 | Relief Recovery and Reform | the three Rs | |
| 325810166 | 20th amendment | the lame duck amendment, made the new inauguration date 1/20 | |
| 325811468 | the Butler Case | Supreme Court case in which the court struck down crucial AAA legislation | |
| 325836062 | Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act | did basically the same thing as AAA but it was allowed because it was based on environmental terms | |
| 325836063 | Rural Electrification Administration | worked to bring electric power to thousands of workers through utility cooperatives | |
| 325836064 | section 7(a) | promised workers the right to unionize but contained no enforcement mechanisms | |
| 325836065 | boondoggling | doing work that is wasteful, work for the sake of work | |
| 325836066 | pin-money worker | married woman working to earn extra cash for the household |