AP World History 35-36 Flashcards
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| 356472945 | Passive Resistance | Nonviolent opposition to authority; Gandhi used this technique when heading India's conquest for nationalism | 0 | |
| 356472946 | Muslim League | helped bring about Indian national liberation; worried that Hindu oppression of India's substantial Muslim minority might replace Britain rule | 1 | |
| 356472947 | Mahatma | "great soul"; a political and spiritual leader; Gandhi became one because of his mixture of spiritual intensity and political activism | 2 | |
| 356472948 | Gandhi | leader of Indian nationalism; raised Hindu; embraced tolerance and nonviolence; opposed to caste system, especially the exclusion of untouchables | 3 | |
| 356472949 | Untouchables | The lowest level of the caste system; excluded from daily life | 4 | |
| 356472950 | Government of India Act | when repressive measures failed to quell the movement for self rule, the British offered modified self-rule through the India Act; unsuccessful because India's six hundred princes refused to support; gave them home room but now its too late cause India wants complete independence | 5 | |
| 356472951 | Jinnah | eloquent and brilliant lawyer; headed the Muslim League; warned that a unified India represented nothing less than a threat to the Muslim faith; proposed two states: Pakistan and India | 6 | |
| 356472952 | Pakistan | "land of the pure" | 7 | |
| 356472953 | Sun Yatsen | proclaimed China a republic and then became president; prominent nationalist leader; "Three Principles of the people"; started the Nationalist People's Party | 8 | |
| 356472954 | May Fourth Movement | Chinese youths and intellectuals opposed to imperialism by foreign, especially Japanese, interference | 9 | |
| 356472955 | CCP | Chinese Communist Party; headed by Mao Zedong; formed alliance with the Nationalist People's Party and were assisted by the Soviet Union; after Chiang turns on them they take the Long March to Yan'an | 10 | |
| 356472956 | Nationalist People's Party (Guomindang) | started by Sun Yatsen; nationalist organization; elimination of special privileges for foreigners, national reunification, economic development, and a democratic republic government based on universal suffrage; after Sun Yatsen died taken over by Chiang Kai-shek | 11 | |
| 356472957 | Chinag Kai-shek | takes over Nationalist People's Party after Sun Yatsen's death; launched Northern expedition aimed to unify the nation and bring China under Guomindang rule; it was successful, he then turned on his communist allies | 12 | |
| 356472958 | Mao Zedong | former teacher and librarian who viewed a Marxist-inspired social revolution as the cure for China's Problems; headed CCP | 13 | |
| 356472959 | Maoism | an ideology grounded in the conviction that peasants rather than urban proletarians were the foundation for a successful revolution | 14 | |
| 356472960 | Mukden Incident | Chinese unification threatened Japanese interests in Manchuria; Japanese troops destroyed tracks on Japanese railroad, claimed Chinese attack; Incident became pretext for Japanese attack against China; lead to 2nd Sino-Japanese war | 15 | |
| 356472961 | Kenyatta | Members of the new elite class in Africa were often educated in Europe and he was an example of that; later led Kenya to independence | 16 | |
| 356472962 | Marcus Garvey | Jamaican nationalist leader who preached black pride and called on blacks living in the African diaspora to go back to Africa | 17 | |
| 356472963 | DuBois | black US activist and intellectual who preached black pride and called on blacks living in the African diaspora to go back to Africa | 18 | |
| 356472964 | Pan-Africanism | the unification of all people of African descent into a single African state | 19 | |
| 356472965 | "Good Neighbor Policy" | created by FDR; meant to pursue cordial relations with Latin American states and have U.S. marines train indigenous police forces to quell unrest | 20 | |
| 356472966 | Dollar Diplomacy | U.S. President Taft argued for substitution of "dollars for bullets" in Latin America, promoting peaceful commerce over expensive military intervention; Latin Americans call it "Yankee Imperialism" | 21 | |
| 356472967 | Great Depression | the economic crisis beginning with the stock market crash in 1929 and continuing through the 1930s | 22 | |
| 356472968 | Black Thursday | hearing of an economic slowdown investors pulled out of the market as a result a wave of panic caused stock prices to plummet; many lost life savings; banks crashed, October 24, 1929 | 23 | |
| 356472969 | Economic Nationalism | after international cooperation broke down this was instituted; it imposed tariff barriers, import quotas, and import prohibitions, politicians hoped to achieve self sufficiency; ultimately failed | 24 | |
| 356472970 | Smoot-Hawley Tariff | raised duties on most manufactured products to prohibitive levels; after it was imposed, other nations retaliated by making their own; the result was a drop in international trade | 25 | |
| 356472971 | John Keynes | called for increased in money supply and government undertaking public projects to help unemployment rates decrease | 26 | |
| 356472972 | New Deal | program that resembled Keynes that was meant to prevent collapse of banking system, provide jobs, help worker's rights, and protect social security; WWII spending helped get out of Depression more than this plan did in all actuality | 27 | |
| 356472973 | Lenin | Russian founder of the Bolsheviks and leader of the Russian Revolution and first head of the USSR (1870-1924); led the October Revolution of 1917, in which the Communists seized power in Russia; then ruled the country until his death in 1924; instituted the NEP | 28 | |
| 356472974 | NEP | Lenin's New Economic Policy; Reversed war communism, restored market economy; returned small-scale industries to private ownership; allowed peasants to sell their surplus at free market | 29 | |
| 356472975 | Stalin | Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953); instituted the Five-Year plan | 30 | |
| 356472976 | Five-Year Plan | instituted by Stalin; replaced Lenin's NEP; set production quotas, central state planning of entire economy; emphasized heavy industry at expense of consumer goods | 31 | |
| 356472977 | Fascism | a political system headed by a dictator that calls for extreme nationalism and racism and no tolerance of opposition; first found in Italy by Mussolini; focused on the state; elite military (militarism); no doctrine; ultranationalsim; ethnocentrism; totalatarium; indifferent on religion; hates democracy, socialism and communism | 32 | |
| 356472978 | Mussolini | founder of Italian fascism, 1919; Armed fascist squads called Blackshirts terrorized socialists; After march on Rome, was invited by king to be prime minister | 33 | |
| 356472979 | militarism | a belief in the rigors and virtues of military life as an individual and national ideal; maintained large and expensive military establishments; tried to organize much of public life along military lines, and generally showed a fondness for uniforms, parades, and monumental architecture | 34 | |
| 356472980 | National Socialist German Worker's Party | Nazis; headed by Hitler; became the largest in parliament; nazis created one-party dictatorship; outlawed all other political parties; took over judiciary, civil service, military; purity of race | 35 | |
| 356472981 | Hitler | leader of Nazi's, organize his supporters into fighting squads, had an obsession with extreme nationalism, racism and antisemitism, promised to end reparations, create jobs and defy the Versailles treaty | 36 | |
| 356472982 | Anti-Semitism | prejudice against Jews | 37 | |
| 356472983 | Kristallnact | "Night of Broken Glass"; Anti-Jewish riots of November 9-10 1938. Planned by the German government and the Gestapo. Over 1,000 synagogues were burned, Jewish stores looted and Jewish men arrested | 38 |