AP World History Chapter 33 (CONCEPTS) Quiz Review Flashcards

Deeper concepts of chapter 33

342977168	Reasons for post-independence issues in newly formed nations in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East	Population boom-too many people, not enough resources. Unequally distributed resources-HUGE gap between the rich and the poor. *Corruption-Members of the educated classes that came to dominate the political and business lives in post-colonial societies often used their positions to enrich themselves at the expense of their societies as a whole.	0
342977169	Results of the post-independence issues	Longstanding rivalries between classes and ethnic groups resurfaced or intensified Parasitic cities Increase in gap between rich and poor Political instability It became impossible for nationalist leaders to fulfill the expectations they aroused in their followers.---->Disappointment SHIFT TO AUTHORITARIAN/MILITARY/DICTORSHIPS	1
342977170	General results of independence	Leaders attempted industrialization Environmental issues *Political instability	2
342977171	Causes of population boom	Reduction of war and famine Improved hygiene and medical treatment Improved method of transporting food and supplies Necessity of children to lineage Opposition to birth control methods Lack of education and resources to slow population growth. *New crops from the New World----->MORE FOOD	3
342977172	Causes of environmental issues	Rural overpopulation----->soil depletion, deforestion, overgrazing industrial pollution *lack of $$$ to buy anti-pollution technology	4
342977173	Causes for economic issues	Lack of industrial base Dependence on a few cash crops or raw materials in order to fund industrialization.----->Price fluctuations----->market slumps----->debt and decline Members of the educated classes that came to dominate the political and business lives in post-colonial societies often used their positions to enrich themselves at the expense of their societies as a whole----->funds go toward making the few rich even richer.	5
342977174	Results of economic issues	State subsidies to reduce/stabilize cost of essential consumer items. Loans from international organizations--->industrialized nations demand high concessions (commitments to buy the products of, entering alliances with, and allowing military bases of the lending countries) for their aid. Lenders reduce/eliminate state subsidies---->social unrest and the collapse/near collapse of the post colonial regimes. Lenders decide how the money is to be invested or repaid.	6
342977175	Women's Roles/Rights	Example of Western nations, in which women had won the right to vote, encouraged the leaders of the new post-colonial nations to add female suffrage to their constitutions. Women paid active role in nationalist struggle--->helped them gain rights. New rights had little bearing on their everyday life. Those who gained high positions in politics usually had good connections. Early marriage ages=normal no time for education or careers Low sanitation and food scarcity--->women at higher risk for disease or death. male-centric customs divorce and secular property laws passed RELIGIOUS REVIVALISM reduced rights	7
344219532	Causes of Internal Strife	Communalism Western colonialism-disruptive social divisions, random boundaries, favoritism towards certain groups, divide and rule policies, neglect of duties (by officers), *Secessionist movements- Pakistan and Bangladesh (1972) India-Sikh guerillas (80s) Morrocco, Ethiopia, Angola, Sudan, Nigeria.	8
344219533	Effects of Internal Strife	*Democracy suffers-stalemates, bickering, eventual dictatorship	9
344254040	One-Party Rule/Authoritarianism	least successful response of leaders to post-independence issues Kwame Nkrumah- Ghana '57, leftist leanings, hostility from U.S. and UK, help from Soviet bloc, dictatorial response to issues-refused to give up on plans---->FAILED miserably, crushed political opponents, made up "traditional" events to motivate ppl,military coup in 1966.	10
344254041	Military Response	Soldiers more resistant to ethnic/religious rivalries bc of discipline and training---->They thought they were more fit to run country B/c they are often ANTI-COMMUNIST, they received technical and financial aid from the W. Banned pol. parties, repressed opposition, restricted civil liberties, made little attempt to improve living standards or fix social issues. Free Officers Movement Gamal Abdul Nasser-Egypt socialism and state intervention	11
344254042	India vs. Egypt (Nehru vs. Nasser)	Egypt (Nasser)- socialism, state intervention, radical, foreign intervention policy (KILL Israel), dictatorship, nationalization India (Nehru)- socialism, state intervention, DEMOCRACY, better communication and more skilled middle class, state intervention AND private initiative, Green Revolution,	12
344254043	Effects of the Green Revolution	*More $$$$ to pay for gov't programs-education, village electrification, family planning, village development.	13
344254044	Iran	Pahlavi shahs---->Khomeini---->Khomeini Revolution of 1979 Religious revivalism Islam-Shia	14