Abnormal Psychology (Unit 12)

324507749	psychological disorder	deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
324507750	attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)	a psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three key symptoms: extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity
324507751	medical model	the concept that diseases have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and, in most cases, cured. When applied to psychological disorders, the medical model assumes that these mental illnesses can be diagnosed on the basis of their symptoms and cured through therapy, which may include treatment in a psychiatric hospital.
324507752	DSM-IV-TR	the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manuel of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, updated as a 2000 "text revision"; a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders.
324507753	anxiety disorder	Psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety.
324507754	generalized anxiety disorder	an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal.
324507755	panic disorder	an anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations.
324507756	phobia	an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation.
324507757	obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)	an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions).
324507758	post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)	an anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience.
324507759	post-traumatic growth	positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extremely challenging circumstances and life crises.
324507760	somatoform disorder	psychological disorder in which the symptoms take a somatic (bodily) form without apparent physical cause.
324507761	conversion disorder	a rare somatoform disorder in which a person experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms for which no physiological basis can be found.
324507762	hypochondriasis	a somatoform disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease.
324507763	dissociative disorder	disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings.
324507764	mood disorders	psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes.
324507765	major depressive disorder	a mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or a medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and dimished interest or pleasure in more activities.
324507766	mania	a mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state.
324507767	bipolar disorder	a mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and overexcited state of mania.
324507768	schizophrenia	a group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions.
324507769	delusions	false beliefs, often or persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders.
324507770	personality disorders	psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning.
324507771	antisocial personality disorder	a personality disorder in which the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members. May be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist.