Chapter 31-Fungi

129904572	Hyphae	A filament that collectively makes up the body of fungus
129904573	Chitin	A structural polysaccharide of an amino sugar found in many fungi.
129904574	Mycelium	The densely branched network of hyphae in a fungus
129904575	Septa	One of the cross-walls that divide a fungal hypha into cells. contains pores large enough to allow ribosomes, mitochondria and nuclei to flow from cell to cell.
129904576	Coenocytic	Multi-nucleated condition resulting from repeated division of nuclei without cytoplasmic division
129904577	Mycorrhizae	Mutualistic associations of plant roots and fungi
129904578	Haustoria	Specialized hyphae that can penetrate the tissues of host organisms
129904579	Ectomycorrhizal	type of mycorrhiza that forms dense mantle or sheath over the surface of the root. Greatly increases surface area for water and mineral absorption.
129904580	Endomycorrhizal	type of mycorrhiza without a dense mantle sheathing the root. Microscopic hyphae extend form the root into the soil
129904581	Pheromones	small volatile chemical that acts much like a hormone in influencing physiology and behaivior
129904582	Plasmogamy	Fusion of cytoplasm of cells from two individuals; occurs as one stage of syngamy.
129904583	Heterokaryon	fungal mycelium formed by two hyphae that have genetically different nuclei.
129904584	Dikaryotic	Mycelium with two haploid nuclei per cell, one from each parent.
129904585	Karyogamy	the fusion of nuclei of two cells, part of syngamy
129904586	Mold	a rapidly growing fungus that reproduces asexually by producing spores
129904587	Yeast	single celled fungi that inhabit wet habitats and reproduce asexually by simple division or pinching small buds off a parent cell
129904588	Deuteromycetes	Sym. Imperfect Fungi
129904589	Imperfect Fungi	Sym. Deuteromycetes
129904590	Opisthokonts	Flagellated ancestor of protists, animals, and fungi. refers to posterior location of the flagella.
129904591	Chytrids	Mostly aquatic fungi with flagellated zoospores that represent most primitive fungal lineage
129904592	Zoospores	flagellated spore occurring in the chytrid fungi
129904593	Zygomycetes	fungi phylum characterized by forming sturdy structure called zygosporangium during sexual reproduction
129904594	Zygosporangium	In zygomycete fungi, a sturdy multinucleate structure in which karyogamy and meiosis occur
129904595	Microsporidia	unicellular parasites of animals and protists that are mostly likely related to zygomycete fungi
129904596	Glomeromycetes	phylum characterized by forming distinct branching forms of endomycorrhizae. (sumbiotic relationship with plants via arbuscular myccorhizae)
129904597	Arbuscular Myccorhizae	type of endomycorrhiza in which the tips of fungal hyphae invade plant roots branch into tiny treelike structures called arbuscles. (formed by glomeromycetes)
129904598	Ascomycetes	Sac Fungi
129904599	Asci	saclike spore capsule located at the tip of dikaryotic hypha of a sac fungi
129904600	Ascocarps	fruiting body of a sac fungus
129904601	Conidia	naked, asexual spores produced at the ends of specialized hyphae in ascomycetes
129904602	Basidiomycetes	Club fungi
129904603	Basidium	reproductive appendage that produces sexual spores on the gills of a mushroom
129904604	Basidiocarps	elaborate fruiting body of a dikaryotic mycelium of a club fungus
129904605	Lichen	symbiotic collective formed by mutualistic assiciation between a gunfus and a photosynthetic alga or cyanobacteria
129904606	Soredia	In lichens, small clusters of fungal hyphae with embedded algae
129904607	Mycosis	general term for fungal infection