Mrs. Petersen's Class: AP English III Literary terms Flashcards
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| 23851007 | SOAPS | rhetorical Analysis | |
| 23851008 | logos | logical appeal | |
| 23851009 | ethos | ethical (moral) appeal | |
| 23851010 | paronamasia/pun | play on words in which the same word is used in different senses or words similiar in sounds are used in opposition to each other for a rhetorical contrast. | |
| 23851011 | asyndeton | the omission of conjunctions replaced by commas | |
| 23854114 | 3rd POV omniscient | the narrator knows the thoughts and feelings of all the characters in the story | |
| 23854115 | hypophora | one or more questions is/are asked and then immediately answered by one and the same speaker | |
| 23854116 | personification | gives inanimate objects human characteristics | |
| 23854117 | audience | person or people literary piece is directed at | |
| 23854118 | synecdoche | part that represents the whole | |
| 23854119 | rogerian appeal | buttering up of one's audience so as to lower defenses and create an objective ear | |
| 23854120 | archetype | an original model of which other similiar things are patterned or copied. | |
| 23854121 | analogy | a comparison of two pairs which have the same relationship and show howw they are alike. | |
| 23876349 | euphony | pleasing effect to the ear; harmonious sounding | |
| 23876350 | cacaphony | harsh discordance of sound | |
| 23876351 | dissonant | out of harmony | |
| 23876352 | dissonance | inharmonious or harsh sound; discord. | |
| 23876353 | epiphany | a comprehension or perception of reality by means of a sudden intuitive realization. | |
| 23876354 | bathos | appeal to sense of humor; usually crude or gross | |
| 23876355 | elegy | poem that praises the dead | |
| 23876356 | eulogy | speech praising that laments a person's death but also emphasizes great qualities | |
| 23876357 | rhetoric | act of persuasion; fathered by Aristotle | |
| 23876358 | fallacies | not logically sound; falsehoods that destroy the argument | |
| 23876359 | concession | giving in to part of the opposition's argument in order to lower the opposing side's defenses | |
| 23876360 | false authority | representing an item but never using it i.e. Jessica Simpson (proactiv commercials) | |
| 23876361 | slippery slope | predicting without justification that one step in a process will lead unavoidably to a second, generally undesirable step. | |
| 23876362 | amiguity | a quality that allows that readers to interpret a story or other work in more than one way. | |
| 23876363 | warrant | major premise | |
| 23876364 | claim | conclusion of a syllogism | |
| 23876365 | black & white reasoning | form of reasoning that presumes an either or situation | |
| 23876366 | faulty syllogism | an illiogical rhetorical fallacy. | |
| 23876367 | enthymeme | shortened version of a syllogism that leaves the major premise unstated and consists of "because" | |
| 23876368 | repetition | anaphora, epistrophe, antistrophe, alliteration, consonance, assonance, parallel syntactic structure, asyndeton | |
| 23876369 | antistrophe | the repeating of words at the end of succesive phrases, clauses, or sentences to increase emphasis | |
| 23876370 | epistrophe | similiar to anaphora but anywhere in a sentence | |
| 23876371 | data/or statistics | part of logos | |
| 23876372 | facts | appeal to audience's sense of logic, ethics, and emotions. Is a device but usage is part of the appeals | |
| 23876373 | citing authority | the utilization of an expert's quote in your argument to support | |
| 23876374 | consanance | the repetition of consanant sounds in several words of a sentence | |
| 23876375 | pathetic fallacy | giving emotions to nature | |
| 23876376 | rhetorical fallacy | fallacy of argument; don't allow exchange of ideas upon meaning | |
| 23876377 | modes of development | information used to support & explain main ideas of a paragraph or essay, a narration, description, examples, classification, division, comparison & contrast and process, cause & effect, etc. | |
| 23876378 | laconic | expressing much in little words | |
| 23876379 | 1st POV | expressed through the narrator to the focal character "I" "me" | |
| 23876380 | syntax | the way in which words are put together to form sentences | |
| 23876381 | nonfiction | prose writing that presents and explains ideas or that tells about real people, places, objects or events. | |
| 23876382 | plot | the sequence of related events that make up a story | |
| 23876383 | aphorism | lengthy statement that imparts wisdom | |
| 23876384 | overstatement | form of hyperbole, but in a persuasive speech it is called an "overstatement" | |
| 23876385 | understatement | a type of verbal irony in which something is purposely represented as being far less important than it actually is | |
| 23876386 | parable | short story used to teach a moral | |
| 23876387 | ad hominem | attack the person not the argument | |
| 23876388 | trope | alters the literal sense of a word or phrase, so metaphor, simile & allegory are all types | |
| 23876389 | polysyndeton | the omission of conjuctions and addition of multiple commas | |
| 23876390 | literary allusion | a reference to literary work | |
| 23876391 | paradox | two opposing ideas or concepts to form a new idea or concept | |
| 23876392 | anthropomorphism | giving animals human characteristics | |
| 23876393 | imagery | creation of mental pictures through pertinent word choice & heightened description; appeals to the five senses | |
| 23876394 | denotation | precise dictionary definition; literal meanings of a word | |
| 23876395 | description | any careful detailing of a person, place, thing, or event. one of the for major forms of discourse; re-create sensory impressions: sights, sounds, smells, textures, tastes | |
| 23876396 | onomatopoeia | a word that imitates the sound it represents | |
| 23876397 | poem | a form of literary art in which the language is used for its aesthetic is evocative qualities | |
| 23876398 | motif | a recurring image, word, phase, action, idea, object or situation that appears in various works or throughout the same work | |
| 23876399 | denouement | the final outcome of the main complication in a play or story | |
| 23876400 | local color | the presentation of the features and characteristics of a certain locality, so that the reader can picture the setting being described | |
| 23876401 | FIDS | style analysis | |
| 23876402 | pathos | emotional analysis | |
| 23876403 | 3rd POV (limited) | adheres closely to one character's perspective | |
| 23876404 | oxymoron | a condensed form of paradox where seemingly contradictory words are joined together | |
| 23876405 | historical allusion | to use an image or reference from history in present-day | |
| 23876406 | diction | word choice | |
| 23876407 | antithesis | paradox that does not work, cancels out one another | |
| 23876408 | chiasmus | a type of parallelism in which the balanced elements are presented in reverse order rather than in the same order | |
| 23930336 | didactic | instructive in nature | |
| 23930337 | apostrophe | a figure speech in which someone absent or dead or something nonhuman is addressed as if it were alive and present and was able to reply | |
| 23930338 | alliteration | the repetition of a sound or letter at the beginning of each word of several words in the same sentence | |
| 23930339 | caesura | a dramatic pause, used to heighten suspense | |
| 23930340 | assonance | the repetition of a vowel sound in several words throughout a sentence | |
| 23945326 | metaphor | a type of figurative language in which a statement is made that says that one thing is something else but, literally, it is not; compares an entire thing to another without using "like" or "as" | |
| 23945327 | volta | abrupt change in tone | |
| 23945328 | forensic | focus is to persuade by assigning blame or attempt to prove innocence | |
| 23945329 | 2nd POV | the narrator refers to the focal character as "you" | |
| 23945330 | exposition | setting forth a meaning or intent | |
| 23945331 | anaphora | repetition at the beginning of each consecutive sentence | |
| 23945332 | parallel syntactic structure | using the same part of speech or syntactic structure in each element of a series, before and after coordinating conjunctions and after each pair of correlative conjunctions | |
| 23945333 | symbolism | the use of specific objects or images to represent abstract ideas | |
| 23945334 | biblical allusions | image or reference from the Bible alluded to in literature or pictures, words, etc. | |
| 23945335 | deductive | general to specific | |
| 23945336 | parallelism | use of similiar or identical language, structures, events or ideas in different parts of a text | |
| 23945337 | syllogisms | 3 part deductive formula- logical in nature and utilized to convince or persuade | |
| 23945338 | idiom | an expression whose meanings cannot be inferred from meanings of the words that make it up | |
| 23945339 | irony | the contrast between what is expected or what appears to be and what actually is | |
| 23945340 | euphemism | the substitution of a mild or less negative word or phrase for a harsh or blunt one | |
| 23945341 | colloquialism | refers to a type pf informal diction that reflects casual, conversational language (also includes slang expressions); region specific diction | |
| 23945342 | minor premise | specific example from the major premise | |
| 23945343 | either/ or fallacy | a "black or white" type of thinking where there are only absolutes | |
| 23945344 | grounds | minor premise | |
| 23945345 | essays | analyze rhetorical devices | |
| 23945346 | connotation | subjective, cultural, or emotional definition; based on emotions and actions | |
| 23945347 | tone | mood brought forth by story or poem | |
| 23945348 | simile | a figure of speech which involves a direct comparison between two unlike things, usually with the words like or as | |
| 23945349 | details | facts that support the thesis or assertion in a piece of writing | |
| 23945350 | hasty generalization | drawing a general and premature conclusion on the basis of only one or two cases | |
| 23945351 | red herring | diverting attention from the issue by introducing a new point | |
| 23945352 | deliberative | this is the genre of political debate, but also the major genre concerned with the giving of advice in general; focuses on calling themed change | |
| 23945353 | objective | based on facts and provably true | |
| 23945354 | subjective | based on opinion and often biased | |
| 23945355 | inductive reasoning | specific to general | |
| 23945356 | major premise | specific statement asserted as true or as univeral truth | |
| 23945357 | speaker | voice in a story | |
| 23945358 | anomaly | something that does not belong; out of place | |
| 23945359 | conclusion | marriage of logic: half of major premise + half of minor premise = ? | |
| 23945360 | purpose | reason for writing the literary piece | |
| 23945361 | figurative language | any language that goes beyond the literal meaning of words in order to furnish new effects or fresh insights into an idea or a subject | |
| 23945362 | extended metaphor | a metaphor extended in length throughout a paragraph | |
| 23945363 | maxim | short statement that imparts wisdom | |
| 23945364 | occasion | event in which it takes place | |
| 23945365 | genre | literary classification | |
| 23945366 | fiction | imaginative form of narrative | |
| 23945367 | theme | the main idea or underlying meaning of a literary work | |
| 24113373 | narrative device | a design or pattern in a literay work used to achieve a particular effect | |
| 24113374 | negotation | the process of discussion and compromise between conflicting positions | |
| 24113375 | neologism | a new or invented word, expression, or usage | |
| 24113376 | nostalgia | a yearning for the past or for some condition or state of existence that cannot be recovered | |
| 24113377 | ode | a serious lyric poem, often of significant length, that usually conforms to an elaborate metrical structure | |
| 24113378 | opening | the beginning of an argument or essay; the introduction | |
| 24113379 | passive voice | in this verb form, the subject of the sentence recieves the action denoted by the verb. Allways consistes of a form of "to be" plus the past participle of the verb. Example: The floor 'was swept' by Gretchen | |
| 24113920 | pastiche | a work that imitates the style of a previous author, work, or literary genre; also a work that contains a hodgepodge of elements or fragments from different sources or influences. The imitation in pastiche is not meant as satire or mockery | |
| 24113921 | persona | the character an author assumes in a written work | |
| 24114388 | prose | any composition not written in verse. The basic unit of prose is the sentence, whereas the basic unit of poetry is a line of verse. Prose writing can be rhythmic but is generally less musical than verse | |
| 24114389 | protagonist | the main character around whom the story revolves | |
| 24114390 | qualifier/ qualification | a statement that modifies or limits the meaning of a claim | |
| 24114612 | realism | a loose term that can refer to any work that aims at honest portrayal over sentationalism, exaggeration, or melodrama; ordinary contemporary life, so to speak | |
| 24114613 | reflective | thoughtful, deliberative | |
| 24115152 | in medias res | latin for "in the middle of things"; refers to the technique of starting a narrative in the middle of the action. | |
| 24115153 | identification | a rhetorical technique in which a speaker suggests his or her similarity or closeness to a particular group, such as the audience | |
| 24115154 | hypothetical | involving a hypothesis (an assumption granted for the sake of argument) | |
| 24115590 | refutation | the process of proving something wrong by argument and evidence | |
| 24115591 | retrospection | a narrative technique in which some of the events of a story are describes after events that occur later in time have already been narrated; also called analepsis and flashback | |
| 24115592 | rhetorical context | an extraordinary use of language to achieve a certai effect on an audience. examples are chiasmus, parallelism, rhetorical question, ans synecdoche | |
| 24116893 | register | one of the varieties of language appropriate to particular social situations. The four stylistic registers most commonly referred to are formal, informal, colloquial, and slang. | |
| 24116894 | romantic irony | an author's persistent presence in his or her work, meant to ensure that the audience will maintain critical detachment and not simply accept the writing at face value | |
| 24118321 | situational irony | a technique in which one understanding of a situation stands in a sharp contrast to another, usually more prevalent, understanding of the same situation | |
| 24118322 | syllepsis | When a single word that governs or modifies two or more others must be understood differently with respect to each of those words. A combination of grammatical parallelism and semantic incongruity, often with a witty or comical effect | |
| 24118323 | anachronism | an error in chronology, or placing an event, person, item, or language expression in the wrong period | |
| 24118712 | anagnorisis | a moment of recognition or self-discovery; primarily used in reference to Greek tragedy | |
| 24118713 | antecedent | in grammar, a substantive word, phrase, or clause whose denotation is referred to by a pronoun. In logic, the conditional element in a proposition | |
| 24118714 | anithero/antiheroine | a protagonist who is not admirable or who challenges our notions of what should be considered admirable | |
| 24121322 | begging the question | the act of ignoring a problem or issue by assuming that it is already settled | |
| 24121323 | bildungsroman | a novel about the education or psychological growth of the protagonist, or the main character | |
| 24121324 | black comedy | disturbing or absurd material presented in a humorous manner, usually with the intention of confronting uncomfortable truths | |
| 24121325 | caricature | in writing and literature, an author's exaggeration or distortion of certain traits or characteristics of an individual | |
| 24121326 | cosmic irony | the deception of fate or the universe as malicious or indifferent to human suffering, creating a painful contrast between our purposeful activity and its ultimate meaningfulness | |
| 24121327 | dialectic | a form of reasoning that proceeds by juxtaposing contradictory ideas and synthesizing or finding areas of agreement between them | |
| 24121328 | dialogue | a converastion between two or more speakers; also an exchange of ideas | |
| 24121329 | discourse | the wider social and intellectual context in which communication takes place. | |
| 24121330 | disgression | to turn or move away from the main subject of discussion or the main argument in a piece of writing | |
| 24121331 | dramatic irony | a technique in which the author lets the audience in on a character's situation while the character remains uninformed | |
| 24121332 | emblem | a concrete oobject that represents something abstract; unlike a symbol, an emblem has a fixed meaning that does not vary in different contexts | |
| 24121333 | epigraph | a quotation placed at the beginning of a piece of literature or at the beginning of one of its chapters or scenes to provide the reader with some ideas about the content or meaning to follow | |
| 24121334 | epistolary | narrated through letters | |
| 24121335 | epitaph | a brief statement to memorialize a deceased person or a thing, time, or eventthat has ended | |
| 24121336 | explication | the detailed analysis of a literary work | |
| 24121337 | expletive | a syllable, word, or group of words added to fill a void (perhaps to make a metrical scheme work), but which do not add to the meanng of a piece of writing i.e. "there" "it" | |
| 24121823 | verbs of being | am, is, are, was, were, has or have been, had been, will have been, being, and to be; creates a passive voice | |
| 24125781 | chronology | arrangement of events in order of occurence | |
| 24125782 | pretentious (adj.) | behaving or speaking in such a manner as to create a false appearance of great importance or worth | |
| 24125783 | anticipating the opposition | the inclusion of the anticipated argument before it is brought up by the opposing side's argument | |
| 24125784 | synthesis (noun) | the combination of ideas into a complex whole | |
| 24125785 | synthesis (organization) | deductive reasoning | |
| 24125786 | pastoral | an artistic composition dealing with the life of shepherds or with a simple, rural existence | |
| 24129076 | parody | a humorous or satirical imitation of a serious piece of literature or writing; a form of bathos | |
| 24129077 | archaic (adj.) | having the characteristics of the language of the past and surviving chiefly in specialized uses | |
| 24129078 | allegory | a work of literature that teaches a lesson by using animals or other things to proving a satire | |
| 24129079 | anecdote | a short account of an interesting or humorous incident, often biographical | |
| 24129080 | satire | a literary mode based on criticism of people and society through ridicule and humor |