AP Bio Chapter 45 Major Human Endocrine Glands [Darien, Adrienne, Gayle]

335771511	Hypothalamus	Hormones released from the posterior pituitary and hormones that regulate the anterior pituitary
335771512	Posterior pituitary gland	Oxytocin hormone, stimulates contraction of uterus and mammary gland cells Antidiuretic hormone promotes retention of water by kidneys
335771513	Anterior pituitary gland	Growth hormone stimulates growth and metabolic functions, Prolactin stimulates milk production and secretion, Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Stimulates production of ova and sperm, Luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates ovaries and testes, Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulates thyroid gland, Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
335771514	Thyroid gland	Triiodothyronine and thyroxine hormone (T4) Stimulate and maintain metabolic processes, and Calcitonin hormone lowers blood calcium level.
335771515	Parathyroid glands	Parathyroid hormone (PTH) raises blood calcium level
335771516	Pancreas	Insulin hormone lowers blood glucose level, Glucagon raises blood glucose level
335776728	Adrenal medulla (adrenal glands)	Hormone: Epinephrine and norepinephrine Action: Raise blood glucose level; increase metabolic activities; constrict certain blood vessels
335776729	Adrenal cortex (adrenal glands)	Hormone: glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids Action: Raise blood glucose level (glucocorticoids). Promote reabsorption of Na+ and excretion of K+ in kidneys (mineralocorticoids)
335778515	Ovaries (Gonads)	Hormones: estrogens, progestins Action: stimulate uterine lining and growth; promote development and maintenance of female secondary sex characteristics (estrogens). Promote uterine lining growth (progestins)
335779384	Testes (Gonads)	Hormone: Androgens Action: Support sperm formation; promote development and maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics
335780675	Pineal gland	Hormone: Melatonin Action: Involved in biological rhythms