Renaissance: First Reading Terms

11533308	"Men can do all things if they will"	Alberti's slogan given to the Renaissance that reflected the values of Humanism
11533309	Renaissance	the era of history that is identified as the birth of Modern Europe; 1350-1500
11533310	antiquity	term that refers to the Classical Greco-Roman Era
11533311	individualism	basis for humanism; focus is on the person rather than community; modern value
11533312	secularism	removal of a religious doctrine from the moral fabric of society
11533313	city-state	political entity that is not a nation-state; localities are in competition rather than cooperation
11533314	urban society	Northern Italy was dominated by this; rather than traditional lords and value of land, money and commerce played a significant role
11533315	Hansa	medieval trading guild in Northern Europe that united its resources in hopes of gaining the Italian merchants attention; not modern since it was not nationalistic
11533316	Venetian-Flanders Fleet	1400's development that saw a new trade route forge from the Mediterranean to the Baltic Sea; expanded the trade of Northern Europe
11533317	l'uomo universale	the universal man; one that is shaped not by profession but a well rounded education in the liberal arts
11533318	House of Medici	the most prominent banking family of the 14th and 15th centuries; expanded wealth and became money exchangers; dominated the politics of Florence until circa 1500
11533319	First Estate	the caste of clergy that made up 1% of population; important to the Medieval Era because it was responsible for maintaining western civilization
11533320	Second Estate	social caste of the the nobles; traditional prestige came from amount of land a noble owned
11533321	Third Estate	96% of the population; a medieval caste that once was dominated by serfs, but by 1400 a growing number of artisans and merchants began to challenge its low position in the feudal caste hierarchy
11533322	Burghers	key merchants that challenged the social caste system
11533323	Petty Burghers	lower merchants, shop keepers, that seemed to have a moderate income
11533324	peasantry	social order of the overwhelming percentage of people in the Early Modern Era; primarily agricultural workers and newly freed serfs
11533325	The Book of Courtier	Castiglione's definition of what Renaissance aristocracy should be; basically, it argued that if the nobles wanted to maintain a high position they must act responsibility and have impeccable character
11533326	On the Family	Alberti's treatise on the crisis of the Italian families; a high birth rate racked with a high infant mortality rate plagued I15th century Italy