The Great Depression/New Deal

117920009	stock market	A system for buying and selling shares of companies
117920010	bull market	a period of increased stock trading and rising stock prices
117920011	margin	the amount of collateral a customer deposits with a broker when borrowing from the broker to buy securities
117920012	margin call	Demand by a broker that investors pay back loans made for stocks purchased on margin.
117920013	speculation	an investment that is very risky but could yield great profits
117920014	bank run	the concerted action of depositors who try to withdraw their money from a bank because the think it will fail
117920015	installment	a payment of part of a debt
117920016	bailiff	an officer of the court who is employed to execute writs and processes and make arrests etc.
117920017	hobo	a homeless person
117920018	public works	projects such as highways, parks, and libraries sponsored by the government
117920019	relief	assistance in time of difficulty
117920020	foreclose	take back property because of someone's failure to repay; deprive (a mortgagor) of mortgaged property; N. foreclosure
171627523	gold standard	a monetary standard under which the basic unit of currency is defined by a stated quantity of gold
171627524	bank holiday	closed all banks until gov. examiners could investigate their financial condition; only sound/solvent banks were allowed to reopen
171627525	deficit spending	When a government spends more than it takes in and goes into debt.
171627526	binding arbitration	process whereby a neutral party hears arguments from two opposing sides and makes a decision that both must accept
171627527	sit down strike	labor protest in which laborers stop working but refuse to leave the workplace
171627528	court packing	Where FDR tried to add more members to the Supreme Court to pass his programs.
171627529	broker state	Role of the government to work out conflicts among competing interests groups
171627530	safety net	government programs that protect people experiencing unfavorable economic conditions
171627531	Keynesian Economics	Theory based on the principles of John Maynard Keynes, stating that government spending should increase during business slumps and be curbed during booms.
171627532	Wagner Act	1935, also National Labor Relations Act; granted rights to unions; allowed collective bargaining
171627533	AAA	Agricultural Adjustment Administration: attempted to regulate agricultural production through farm subsidies; ruled unconstitutional in 1936
171627534	Fair Labor Standards Act	A government legislation that dealt with wages and child labor. It established a minimum wage and prohibited child labor in harsh and dangerous conditions.
171627535	HOLC	(Home Owners' Loan Corporation) Relief and Recovery. Helped home-owners and mortgage companies. government payed companies for the home-owners so they could keep their homes and pay off w/ lower interest and longer time.
171627536	WPA	Work Progress Administration: Massive work relief program funded projects ranging from construction to acting; disbanded by FDR during WWII
171627537	NRA	National Recovery Administration: established and adminstered a system of industrial codes to control production, prices, labor relations, and trade practices
171627538	CCC	Civilian Conservation Corps. It was Relief that provided work for young men 18-25 years old in food control, planting, flood work, etc.
171627539	CWA	Civil Works Adminstration: emergency work relief program, put more than four million people to work during the winter of 1933-34
171627540	PWA	Public Works Administration. Part of Roosevelts New Deal programs. Put people to work building or improving public buildings like schools, post offices,etc.
171627541	FCA	Farm Credit Administration - Help farmers refinance their mortgages. Helps farmers hang on to land, but money not lent to more efficient businesses slowing economy.
171627542	SEC	an independent federal agency that oversees the exchange of securities to protect investors
171627543	FDIC	Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation: A federal guarantee of savings bank deposits.
171627544	Social Security	An act passed in 1935 gave government-payed pensions to American citizens over the age 65 as well as provided help for the unemployed, the disabled, and the needy.
171627545	TVA	(Tennessee Valley Authority Act) Relief, Recover, and Reform. one of the most important acts that built a hyro-electric dam for a needed area.