CH. 12 - Personality Theory and Assessment
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| 43108150 | personality | sum total of the typical ways of acting, thinking, and feeling that makes each person different from other people | |
| 43108151 | traits | relatively enduring patterns of behavior (thinking, acting, and feeling) that are relatively consistent across situation | |
| 43108152 | psychoanalytic theory | Freud's theory that the origin of personality lies in the balance among the id, the ego, and the superego | |
| 43108153 | libido | energy of the life instincts of sex, hunger, and thirst | |
| 43108154 | pleasure principle | the attempt of the id to seek immediate pleasure and avoid pain, regardless of how harmful it might be to others | |
| 43108155 | primary process thinking | the attempt by the id to satisfy its needs by forming a wish-fulfilling mental image of the desired object | |
| 43108156 | cardinal traits | traits that dominate a person's life | |
| 43108157 | central traits | important traits that influence and organize much of someone's behavior | |
| 43108158 | secondary traits | much more specific and much less important to a comprehensive description of a person's personality | |
| 43108159 | conscious mind | the portion of the mind of which one is presently aware | |
| 43108160 | preconscious mind | portion of the mind containing information that is not presently conscious but can be easily brought into consciousness | |
| 43108161 | unconscious mind | part of the mind of which we can never be directly aware; the storehouse of primitive instinctual motives and of memories and emotions that have been repressed | |
| 43108162 | id | the inborn part of the unconscious mind that uses the primary process to satisfy its needs and that acts according to the pleasure principle | |
| 43108163 | primary process thinking | the attempt by the id to satisfy its needs by forming a wish-fulfilling mental image of the desired object | |
| 43108164 | ego | That part of the mind that uses the reality principle to satisfy the id | |
| 43108165 | reality principle | the attempt by the ego to find safe, realistic ways of meeting the needs of the id | |
| 43108166 | superego | that part of the mind that opposes the desires of the id by enforcing moral restrictions and by striving to attain perfection | |
| 43108167 | conscience | moral inhibitions of the superego | |
| 43108168 | ego ideal | the standard of perfect conduct by the superego | |
| 43108169 | social learning theory of personality | the viewpoint that the most important parts of our behavior are learned from other persons in society - family, friends, and culture | |
| 43108170 | reciprocal determination | Individual's behavior and the social learning environment continually influence one another | |
| 43108171 | self-efficacy | perception of being capable of achieving one's goals | |
| 43108172 | self-regulation | the process of cognitively reinforcing and punishing our own behavior, depending on whether it meets our personal standards | |
| 43108173 | humanistic theory of personality | the psychological view that human beings possess an innate tendency to improve and to determine their lives through the decisions they make | |
| 43108174 | inner-directedness | force that humanists believe all people possess that internally leads them to grow and improve | |
| 43108175 | subjective reality | each person's unique perception of reality that, according to humanists, plays a key role in organizing our personalities | |
| 43108176 | self-concept | our subjective perception of who we are and what we are like | |
| 43108177 | self | the person one thinks one is. | |
| 43108178 | ideal self | the person one wishes one were | |
| 43108179 | self-actualization | the seldom-reached full result of the inner-directed drive of humans to grow, improve, and use their potential to the fullest |