wes ap euro ch. 10

295652890	cartels	firms involved in the making of a product combined to form these, which dominated an entire sector of industry, from raw material to finished product
295652891	tariffs	taxes on imported goods which hurt the consumer, put up in w. europe to encourage the purchase of local grain
295652892	demographic transition	declining birthrate and a more rapidly falling mortality
295652893	Darwin	wrote On the Origins of Spheres, argued for a slow evolutionary process for all creatures, Christians didn't agree with him
295652894	Pasteur	discovered the techniques for destroying germs and developed the vaccine for rabies
295652895	Koch	discovered that different germs cause different diseases and identified the organism that caused tuberculosis
295652896	Mendeleev	author of the periodic law and the periodic table
295652897	Faraday	made discoveries leading to the creation of the electric generator
295652898	Comte	develops positivism with three phases: theological (gods animate nature), metaphysical (Christianity, more abstract forms of God), and positive (science). All crowned by sociology
295652899	Hegel	has trouble understanding discrepancy between science and faith, between ideals and real world. Thesis, antithesis, and synthesis
295652900	Marx	writes the Communist Manifesto and Das Kapital, sees the dialect as material in the economy, class conflict causes progression, proletariat will take over and make a classless stateless society
295652901	Engels	wrote the Communist Manifesto with Marx
295652902	Marxism	deeply affected modern thought and shaped gov policies, class conflict causes progression, proletariat will take over and make a classless stateless society
295652903	Social Darwinism	people apply biological ideas to non-science things, survival of the fittest
295652904	Huxley	leading proponent of Darwin's theories
295652905	Spencer	writes Synthetic Philosophy, believed that the marketplace was the true test of the fittest
298616637	Belle Epoque	(1880s-1914) people became increasingly hopeful for progress, people buy more, emphasis on sports and entertainment
298616638	Impressionism	focused on the uses of light and color. Artists: Seurat, Degas, Renoir, Monet, Cassatt
298616639	Womens movement	critical of liberalism, 3 groups
298616640	middle class women	focuses on charity (want lower classes to look like them)
298616641	radical women	want social and political equality
298616642	working class women	want better working conditions
298616643	1st and 2nd International	group of labor leaders led by Marx, socialist political parties became popular
298616644	Anarchism	reject the state and see the gov as the enemy, very violent
299565575	Sorel	argued that the gov should force people to use reason, ends justify means, led syndicalist movement: calling workers' organizations to bring down the middle class (bourgeois)
299565576	Bergson	people act because of emotions, not reason
299565577	Nietzsche	humans are unreasonable, but supermen can rise above, unfairly grouped with anti-Semitism
299565578	Herzl	leader of Zionism (Jews have their own homeland)
299565579	Dreyfus Affair	Jewish captain in the French army was falsely accused of treason, public (led by Zola) called for a new trial and he was re-convicted, pres pardoned him
300764317	Russo-Japanese War	Russia hadn't kept its promises concerning expansion and Japan led a surprise attack on them and defeated them
300764318	Russian Revolution of 1805	workers strike in St. Petersburg, gov calls out troops and kills a few people (Bloody Sunday)
300764319	October Manifesto	new constitution formed by Tsar Nicholas II in response to revolutions, gave Russia a prime minister w/ parliament and political parties
300764320	Pankhurst	Leader of the WSPU (Women's Social and Political Union), which fought for women's suffrage in Britain.