S. Brasil (Unit 1 Human Geography)

84216565	Human Geography	branch of geography primarily concerned with analyzing the structure, processes, and location of human creations and interactions with the earth
84216566	Physical Geography	concerned with the locations of such earth features as land, water, and climate; their relationship to one another and to human activities; and the forces that create and change them
84216567	Absolute Location	exact location of a place on the earth described by global coordinates
84216568	Relative Location	the regional position or situation of a place relative to the position of other places
84216569	Spatial Perspective	Outlook through which geographers identify, explain, and predict the human and physical patterns in space and the interconnectedness of different spaces.
84216570	Map	a diagrammatic representation of the earth's surface (or part of it)
84216571	Mental Map	An internal representation of a portion of Earth's surface based on what an individual knows about a place, containing personal impressions of what is in a place and where places are located.
84216572	Distribution	the commercial activity of transporting and selling goods from a producer to a consumer
84216573	Pattern	The geometric or regular arrangement of something in a study area.
84216574	Formal Region	An area within which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics.
84216575	Functional Region	a region defined by the particular set of activities or interactions that occur within it
84216576	Perceptual Region	a region that only exist as a conceptualization or idea & not physically demacated entity
84216577	Remote Sensing	A method of collecting data or information through the use of instruments that are physically distant from the area or object of study.
84216578	Geographic Information Systems	A collection of computer hardware and software that permits spatial data to be collected, recorded, stored, retrieved, manipulated, analyzed, and displayed to the user.
84216579	Diffusion	The process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time.
84216580	Expansion Diffusion	The spread of an innovation or an idea through a population in an area in such a way that the number of those influenced grows continuously larger, resulting in an expanding area of dissemination.
84216581	Relocation Diffusion	The spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another.
84216582	Acculturation	Cultural modification resulting from inter-cultural borrowing. In cultural geography and anthropology, the term is often used to designate the change that occurs in the culture of a less technologically advanced people when contact is made with a society that is more technologically advanced.
84216583	Assimilation	The process through which people lose originality differentiating traits, such as dress, speech particularities or mannerisms, when they come into contact with another society or culture. Often used to describe immigrant adaptation to new places of residence.
84216584	Transculturation	Cultural borrowing that occurs when different cultures of approximately equal complexity and technological level come into close contact.
84216585	Contagious diffusion	The distance-controlled spreading of an idea, innovation, or some other item through a local population by contact from person to person - analogous to the communication of a contagious illness.
84216586	Hierarchical diffusion	The spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places.
84216587	Stimulus Diffusion	The spread of an underlying principle, even though a specific characteristic is rejected.
84216588	Independent invention	the term for a trait with many cultural hearths that developed independent of each other
84216589	Environmental determinism	the view that the natural environment has a controlling influence over various aspects of human life including cultural development
84216590	Possibilism	The theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives.
84216591	Culture	The knowledge, attitudes, & behaviors shared & transmitted by members of a society. Focus on: Learned behavior (not genetic) Patterned (cultures form patterns) Mutual (constant interaction) Arbitrary (invented by man himself)
84216592	Cultural diffusion	the spread of cultural elements from one society to another
84216593	Cultural landscape	the visible imprint of human activity and culture on the landscape
84216594	Culture hearth	a center where cultures developed and from which ideas and traditions spread outward
84216595	Culture trait	A single element of normal practice in a culture, such as the wearing of a turban.
84216596	Culture complex	A related set of culture traits, such as prevailing dress codes and cooking and eating utensils.
84216597	Culture realm	A cluster of regions in which related culture systems prevail.
84216598	Culture region	an area in which people have many shared culture traits
84216599	Culture system	A collection of interacting elements taken together shape a group's collective identity. Includes traits, territorial affiliation, shared history, and more complex elements, like language
84216600	Sequent occupance	the notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape
84216601	Folk culture	Culture traditionally practiced by a small, homogeneous, rural group living in relative isolation from other groups.
84216602	Popular culture	Culture found in a large, heterogeneous society that shares certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics.
84216603	Commodification	The process through which something is given monetary value; occurs when a good or idea that previously was not regarded as an object to be bought and sold is turned into something that has a particular price and that can be traded in a market economy.