AP Lang Vocab Words

232060581	ad hominem	attacking the emotion rather than reason; against the person rather than the arg
232060582	allegory	using characters of story elements to symbolically represent an abstraction. ie. personify hope or freedom. deals with moral truth about humanity
232060583	allusion	(in)direct ref to something that is commonly known (hitler, noah, atlantis)
232060584	ambiguity	multiple meanings of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage
232060585	analogy	comparison btw 2 things. Can explain something unfamiliar or make writing better
232060586	antecedent	word, clause or phrase referred to by a pronoun
232060587	antithesis	a figure of speech involving a contradiction within a sentence structure
232060588	aphorism	general truth or moral principle
232060589	apostrophe	figure of speech that address an absent or imaginary person or abstraction (love)
232060590	atmosphere	mood
232060591	caricature	an exaggeration for comic or grotesque effect
232060592	chiasmus	inverted parallelism. ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country
232060593	clause	subject+verb
232060594	colloquialism	slang/informality in writing
232060595	conceit	fanciful expression displaying intellectual cleverness due to the unusual comparison being made
232060596	connotation	implied meaning of a word
232060597	denotation	literal meaning of a word
232060598	diction	word choice
232060599	didactic	instructive, esp moral or ethical principles
232060600	euphemism	less offensive substitution words. ie "earthly remains" v "corpse"
232060601	extended metaphor	metaphor of great length
232060602	figurative language	writing that isn't literal and is imaginative and vivid
232060603	figure of speech	device to produce figurative language ie: apostrophe, irony, simile, etc
232060604	generic conventions	traditions for each genre
232060605	genre	major category for literature prose, poetry, and drama
232060606	homily	sermon, serious talk involving moral or spiritual advice
232060607	hyperbole	deliberate exaggeration. often comic. often ironic
232060608	imagery	sensory details to arouse emotion or rep abstractions. relates to 5 sense
232060609	inference	to draw a reasonable conclusion from presented info
232060610	invective	emotionally violent attack w/ abusive language
232060611	irony	contrast between what is stated and what is meant, what appears to be and truth 1. verbal- words state opposite of true meaning 2. situational- events turn out the opposite way that was expected 3. dramatic- facts are unknown to a character but known to the reader or other characters
232060612	juxtaposition	placing dissimilar things side by side for comparison
232060613	loose sentence	independent clause, then dependent grammatical units
232060614	metaphor	comparing unlike things for similarity
232060615	metonymy	substituted name white house declared vs president declared
232060616	mood	1. grammar. indicative vs subjunctive
242870718	narrative	the telling of a story or an account of events
242870719	onomatopoeia	when a word sounds like itself
242870720	oxymoron	when the author groups contradictory terms to suggest a paradox. "jumbo shrimp"
242870721	paradox	something that seems self-contradictory, but contains some degree of truth. "fair is foul and foul is fair"
242870722	parallelism	framing of words, sentences, and paragraphs to give structural similarity. "to strive, to seek, to find, not to yield
242870723	parody	something that closely resembles the original, but mimics the work to repeat things that illuminates the weaknesses in the original for comic effect
242870724	pedantic	an adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly
242870725	periodic sentence	a sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end.
242870726	personification	a figure of speech when you describe animals, abstractions, or objects with human emotion
242870727	point of view	perspective from which story is told
242870728	1st person narrator	"I" and is character in story
242870729	3rd person omniscient	god-like, all-knowing, can reveal what each character thinks at any given moment
242870730	3rd person limited omniscient	presents the thoughts and feelings of only one character, and the only the actions of the others
253063311	predicate adjectives	adjective(s) clause that follows a linking verb. in predicate, modifies/ describes subject
253063312	predicate nominative	noun(s) that rename the subject, in predicate after linking verb.
253063313	prose	division of genre. fiction and nonfiction. anything thats not drama or poetry
253063314	repetition	parallelism. duplication of any element of language
253063315	rhetoric	principles governing effective writing
253063316	rhetoric appeal	device to sway audiences attention
253063317	logos	logical reasoning
253063318	ethos	establishes credibility in the speaker, sets up believability
253063319	pathos	appeals to emotions
253063320	rhetorical modes	variety, convention, and purposes of writing
253063321	exposition	explain and analyze information
253063322	argumentation	prove the validity of an idea. ie persuasive writing
253063323	description	recreate, invent, or visual present a person, action, place, etc so the reader can picture it. can be subjective or objective
253063324	narration	to tell a story
253063325	rhetorical question	question that doesn't expect a reply
253063326	sarcasm	bitter, caustic language to hurt or ridicule something. may be irony, but not always
257539562	satire	style of writing that targets vices or conventions for reform or ridicule. often humorous and thought-provoking
257539563	simile	comparison using like or as
257539564	1. style	evaluation of sum of choices in diction, syntax, figurative, language, etc.
257539565	2. style	classification of authors to a group and comparison of an author to similar authors. can define period
257539566	subject complement	the word that follows a linking verb and completes the subject by renaming or describing it.
257539567	subordinate clause	subject+verb, but cannot stand alone.depends on main clause to complete meaning
257539568	syllogism	deductive system of formal logic. two premises that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion. the premises must be valid
257539569	symbolism	anything that represents or stands for something else
257539570	natural symbols	use objects and occurrences from nature to represent ideas commonly associated with them. (dawn=hope)
257539571	conventional symbols	have been invested with meaning by a group (religious, national, group symbols)
257539572	Literary symbols	found in variety of works and generally recognized. can be more complicated.
264958323	syntax	the way an author chooses to use groups of words. classify what kind of sentences the author uses, then determine how the author's choices amplify meaning
264958324	theme	the central idea or message or a work, the insight it offers into lyfe
264958325	thesis	the sentence(s) that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or proposition
264958326	tone	author's attitude toward material and/or audience
264958327	transition	a word/phrase that links different ideas; shift
264958328	understatement	ironic minimizing of fact
264958329	litotes	affirmation is made indirectly by denying its opposite. "he was not averse to a drink"
264958330	meiosis	something is referred to terms less important than it really deserves
264958331	wit	intellectually amusing language, quick perception