Lots of Independence Movements: Latin America Flashcards

375202815	Pierre Toussaint L'Ouverture	Educated soldier/former slave. Led a successful slave revolt in St. Daminique (Haiti), they defeated Napoleon's army with the help of their immunity to the yellow fever. He died in a prison in France.	0
375202816	Jacques Dessalines	A former slave, named himself governor-general of Haiti and declared the island a free republic, Haiti then became the first independant nation in Latin America.	1
375202817	Simon Bolivar	The most important military leader in the struggle for independence in South America. Born in Venezuela, he led military forces there and in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. He defeated the Royalists (supporters of the Spanish crown during the reign of Napoleon.	2
375202818	Jose de San Martin	Creole who was an officer in the Spanish Army. He became an Argentinian rebel general in 1814. He liberated Argentina, Chile, and Peru with help from Bernardo O'Higgins.	3
375202819	John VI	(1767-1826) Portuguese King that moved the empire to Brazil in 1807 upon the invasion of Napoleon. He returned to Portugal in 1821 when Napoleon was defeated and left his son Pedro in charge of the colony.	4
375202820	Pedro	King of Brazil who declared independence from his father (king of Portugal) and declared himself emperor and established a constitution.	5
375202821	Pedro II	Became emperor of Brazil in 1831, he reformed society and made the empire a major exporter of coffee, his daughter, Isabel, abolished slavery in 1888 when he was away, causing the land-owners to revolt and establish a republic in 1889.	6
375202822	Miguel Hidalgo	Creole priest that sympathized with the abused, led a revolt in 1810 that the Spanish where able to put down at Calderon Bridge, where he was executed.	7
375202823	Jose Morelos	He led the Mexican revolutionaries against the loyalists but the land-owning class turned against him when he made clear his intentions of distributing the land to the poor, he was executed in 1815.	8
375202824	Treaty of Cordoba	This treaty recognized Mexican independence from Spain. Signed on August 24, 1821 by Agustín de Iturbide, the man who had defeated Jose Maria Morelos, but then joined the Mexican rebels.	9