Chapter 12 The 1950s and the 1960s

343775891	civil rights	Rights for all people, Does not discriminate, All people are equal; no matter what gender or race they are
343775892	Linda Brown	a 3rd grader in Kansas who had to go a long distance to go to the segregated "colored" school, even though a segregated "white" school was nearby.
343775893	Brown vs. Board of Education	Court case in which the Board of Education was sued, saying segregation was unconstitutional. The case was won and segregation in schools was outlawed.
343775894	desegregation	The opposite of segregation, Schools were "integrated", or "mixed
343775895	Rosa Parks	In 1956, she refused to give her seat up to a "white" man on the bus. She was arrested.This led to the Montgomery Bus boycott
343775896	Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.	Civil Rights Leader, led the I Have a Dream Speech, was assassinated
343775897	nonviolent protest	A way to show you don't agree with something without being violent, Some examples are boycott, march, speech, sit-in
343775898	Freedom Riders	people (all races) rode the public bus around town, they did not sit in the "assigned" sections - "white" people sat in the "black" section, or the people all sat together and there were no "sections"
343775899	March on Washington	many people marched to Washington DC, Dr. MLK, Jr. led his speech there (I Have a Dream), They wanted to end segregation, They also wanted to end the unfair economic practices (different pay for the same job)
343775900	Civil Rights Act	Supreme Court ruled that segregation in public places was illegal
343775901	prosperity	People had jobs and money to spend,The economy was doing very well
343775902	veteran	Someone who has been in the military
343775903	baby boom	During WWII, many people put off getting married and starting families (remember - people were rationing and being extremely thrifty with their money), After WWII, many young people started families, This caused an increase in the number of babies being born
343775904	generation	Group of people the same age
343775905	Harry Truman	President in 1949, Wanted to present the Fair Deal to Congress
343775906	Fair Deal	Created more jobs, Built houses, Protected the rights of African Americans, Congress, and many Americans, DID NOT approve of it
343775907	Great Society of the 1960's	Goal of the government, End all poverty - allow all people to have jobs and money, End racial injustice - people would be treated equal, no matter their race
343790382	President Robert F. Kennedy	President of the US during the Space Race, Was the youngest president, Created the Peace Corps (sent volunteers to other countries to teach, grow food, and start businesses)
343790383	Space race	between the US and the Soviet Union to explore Space
343790384	Sputnik	the Soviet shuttle that went into space first
343790385	Alan Shepard	the First American in space
343790386	John Glenn	the First American to orbit the Earth
343790387	Neil Armstrong & Buzz Aldrin	the first astronauts to go to the moon (1969)
343790388	Vietnam Conflict / War	a group from S. Vietnam, the Vietcong, tried to overthrow (take over) the government, US began sending troops to S. Vietnam to help stop Communism, Americans were very divided about the US involvement in this Conflict / War, ended in a cease fire
343790389	draft	system in which young men were 'registered' to go into the military on their 18th birthday
343790390	Vietnam Wall	built in DC in 1982 to honor all the fallen soldiers in Vietnam
343790391	demonstration	Type of protest people did during the Vietnam Conflict / War
343790392	cease-fire	a decision to stop fighting
343790393	Korean War / Conflict	North Korea was Communist, South Korea was non-Communist, North was trying to invade on South and turn it Communist, The US tried to stop the spread of communism
343790394	Dwight D. Eisenhower	President of the US, Developed the Federal Aid Highway Act
343790395	Federal-Aid Highway Act	Law that made it possible to drive across the country without traffic lights creating US Highways
343790396	vaccine	Medicine shot
343790397	Polio	degenerative, and causes people to not be able to walk, A vaccine that prevented it was developed in 1956 by Jonas Salik
343790398	President Richard Nixon	President elected in 1969, Brought the troops back from Vietnam
343790399	Cesar Chaves	Formed a Farmer's Union, Wanted to improve conditions for migrant workers (workers who move from place to place for work - often associated with the seasons / crops) in California
343790400	Andy Warhol	Artist, Used "Pop Art" in his work , Painted scenes you would see in everyday life during this time to make a point