Ploog - AP World History Terms

Ploog - AP World History Terms - Unit 4 Flashcards

381120045	Constitutional Convention	when elected representatives got together to write the Constitution	0
381120046	Estates General	France's Traditional national assembly with representatives from each of the three estates (the clergy, nobility, or commoners)	1
381120047	National Assembly	French Revolutionary assembly. Demanded radical change. Passed the Declaration of the Rights of Man.	2
381120048	Jacobins	Radical republicans during the French Revolution that was lead by Robespierre	3
381120049	Congress of Vienna	meeting of European monarch to reestablish the old order after the Napoleon I was defeated	4
386834768	Agricultural Revolution	new crops; improvements in cultivation techniques in livestock breeding; consolidated small farms into bigger ones for more efficiency	5
386834769	Mass Production	the production of many identical products. The production process is comprised of small repetitive tasks.	6
386834770	Division of Labor	a manufacturing technique that breaks the process into many small, repetitive tasks	7
386834771	Laissez Faire	the idea that the government should refrain from interfering with economic affairs.	8
386834772	Utopian Socialism	a philosophy introduced by the French Charles Fourier. He wanted to build self-sustaining communities whose inhabitants would work cooperatively.	9
386834773	Business Cycles	recurrent swings in the economy between good times and bad times	10
386834774	mechanization	the application of machinery to tasks or the manufacturing process	11
386834775	Simon Bolivar	the most important leader for the South American independence movements	12
386834776	Personalist Leaders	political leaders that rely on charisma to rally popular support	13
386834777	Caste War	a rebellion of the Mayan people against the government of Mexico in 1847	14
386834778	Acculturation	the adoption of the language, customs, values, and behaviors of host nations by immigrants	15
386834779	Benito Juarez	the president of Mexico that led the resistance against the French invasion in 1863; lawyer	16
386834780	Women's Rights Convention	a group of women that met in Seneca Falls in 1848 that decided that women should have the right to vote; began women's rights movements	17
386834781	Zulu	Africans of modern South Africa. King Shaka united them in 1818. A very powerful African tribe, but not as powerful as the Dutch Afrikaners.	18
386834782	Muhammad Ali	he was the leader of Egypt in the early 1800s that wanted to modernize Egypt. Started the Suez Canal project	19
386834783	New Imperialism	a wave of conquests by Europe, the United States, and japan in the late 1800s-early 1900s	20
386834784	Sepoy Rebellion	this was a revolt of Indian soldiers in 1857 because they were mad about some of the practices they were forced to do because it violated their religious beliefs	21
386834785	Raj	British rule in India	22
386834786	Indian National Congress	this group demanded more Indian participation in the government. It's members were in the middle class and it appealed to the poor.	23
386834787	Clipper Ships	these were large, fast moving sailing vessels that were often American built. Vast canvas sails hung from the masts.	24
386834788	Sokoto Caliphate	a large Muslim state founded in 1809 in modern-day northern Nigeria	25
386834789	Janissaries	Christian soldiers who were forced to serve for the Ottomans. They opposed the Ottoman reforms, so they caused military uprisings.	26
386834790	Crimean War	Ottomans vs. Russians. It was fought on the ~ Peninsula. Britain and France helped the Ottomans to prevent the Russians from expanding any further.	27
386834791	Young Ottomans	these were young intellectuals that wanted liberal reforms in the 1850s-1900s	28
386834792	Pan-Slavism	Russian intellectuals that wanted to identify culturally and politically with all of the Slavic peoples, regardless of which country they were in	29
386834793	Decemberist Revolt	this occured after Tsar Alexander died and a variety of people wanted to take over.	30
386834794	Opium War	Britain vs. Qing Empire. Qing didn't want British to send Opium to their empire. They set up a naval blockade, but the British Navy destroyed them. The Treaty of Nanking opened more ports to British trade, and it gave the British "most-favored-nation" status.	31
386834795	Bannermen	hereditary military servants of the Qing Empire, in large part descendants of peoples of various origins who had fought for the founders of the empire.	32
386834796	Taiping Rebellion	bloodiest civil war of all time during the Qing Empire	33
386834797	Victorian Age	name for the Reign of Queen Victoria with strict moral standards and specific gender roles	34
386834798	Labor Unions	a group of workers with similar jobs that get together to protect a common interest	35
386834799	Karl Marx	German journalist/philosopher who founded socialism. He wrote "The Communist Manifesto" and "Das Kapital"	36
386834800	Otto von Bismark	a chancellor of Prussia that beat Austria and France to create the German Empire in 1871.	37
386834801	Meiji Restoration	followed the destruction of the Tokugawa Shogunate. Young leaders set Japan on the path of centralization, industrialization, and imperialism	38
386834802	Berlin Conference	Otto von Bismark called this meeting to set the rules of colonization of Africa in 1884-1885	39
386834803	Afrikaners	South Africans of Dutch and French descent that ruled the black majority and established the Apartheid system.	40