The New England Colonies
chapter 3 section 1
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| 441849928 | Explain why the Pilgrims left England | - Due to religious conflict - Traveled in search of a place to worship God in their own way | |
| 441849929 | Identify when and where the pilgrims landed | - 1620 aboard the Mayflower - Landed on what is now Provincetown, MA (colony of Plymouth) | |
| 441849930 | Describe what religious conflicts took place in England since 1534 | - King Henry VIII broke with the Roman Catholic Church to form the Church of England (Anglican Church) - His motives had been primarily personal (Pope had refused to grant him a divorce from his wife) - King Henry VIII's church remained largely Catholic - Troubled many English Christians who wanted a Protestant church | |
| 441849931 | Explain who separatists were | - People who had broken with the Anglican church | |
| 441849932 | Explain who Puritans were | - Protestants who wish to "purify" the Anglican Church of all Catholic rituals and traditions - Example: Pilgrims | |
| 441849933 | State what had happened to the Pilgrims on their journey | - They were blown off course but chose to stay in Cape Cod Bay | |
| 441849934 | Identify how the Pilgrims managed to keep order | - Leaders had created an agreement for the men to sign, called the Mayflower Compact | |
| 441849935 | Summarize what the Mayflower Compact did and what took place after its signing | - Established a self-governing colony based on the majority rule of male church members - After signed, the colonists elected John Carver as their governor and turned to the challenge of surviving the winter | |
| 441849936 | Describe the relationship between the Indians and Pilgrims | - During the winter, the Pilgrims looked towards the Indians (Wampanoag) for help - Signed a peace treaty - Squanto, a Patuxet Indian, helped the pilgrims a lot because he spoke English | |
| 441849937 | Describe Squanto's background | - Kidnapped in 1615 - Lived in Spain and England before returning home in 1619 to find his village wiped out by disease - Then lived with Wampanoag | |
| 441849938 | Identify what both James I and his son Charles wanted within England | - Wanted to stop Puritans from practicing their religion | |
| 441849939 | State the economic difficulties English Puritans faced | - England's population had dramatically increased, but employment had not - Profit of wool increased which led large landowners to turn to raising sheep - Landowners fenced their lands and drove off the tenant farmers, many who were Puritans - Land was scarce and money for it increased - 1620s, crop failures | |
| 441849940 | Cause/Effect of religious persecution and economic ruin in England | - Many Puritans moved to colonies in the 1630s - Led to Great Migration | |
| 441849941 | Indicate the amount of people who left England for the Americas | - Over 40,000 | |
| 441849942 | Describe what happened in England in 1642 | - Conflict between the Puritans and Royalists turned into civil war - Led by Oliver Cromwell, the Puritans won | |
| 441849943 | Summarize what a group of wealthy Puritans did in 1629 | - Obtained a royal charter for the MA Bay Company that allowed them to establish a colony in North America - 1630, the company's fleet of 11 ships carried some 1000 settlers to MA | |
| 441849944 | Explain how the Puritans decided to deal with their religious views | - Did not wish to cut all ties with England or the Anglican Church - Hoped to provide other Christians with an example of a model community | |
| 441849945 | State what the charter of the MA Bay Company allowed and didn't allow Winthrop to do | - Govern the colony as he wished - Could not violate English law | |
| 441849946 | Describe what the New England Way was | - Cooperation between church and state that was the basis fo the Puritan commonwealth - Symbolized by meetinghouse | |
| 441849947 | List several of topics that Puritans believed in | - Everyone in the community had to live a moral life - Predestination | |
| 441849948 | Explain the primary purpose of Harvard College | - Training of young men for ministry | |
| 441849949 | Compare the roles of Women and Men | - Women made soap, candles, yarn, clothes, butter and cheese; occasionally sold surplus in town to help support family - Men/boys attended school and worked in fields | |
| 441849950 | Summarize the events that took place after Minister Thomas Hooker left MA | - Left due to religious differences with Puritan leaders - Moved southwest to get more farmland - Established colony in the CT Valley - Adopted the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut | |
| 441849951 | Describe what happened to those who questioned Puritan ways in the MA Bay Colony | - Forced to leave | |
| 441849952 | Summarize what happened to Roger Williams | - Believed in strict separation of church and state - Puritan leaders banished him - He purchased land from Narraganset Indians and sounded Providence, Rhode Island - Obtained a royal charter for the colony in 1633 that gave religious freedom to its inhabitants | |
| 441849953 | Describe Anne Hutchinson's background | - Born in England 1591 - Came to Boston with family in 1634 - Worked as a nurse and midwife - Devoted herself to Bible study - Attracted a group of women who rested the Puritan ministers' authority | |
| 441849954 | Identify what happened once officias recognized Anne Hutchinson and a rebellion approaching | - Arrested Hutchinson - She was then banished in 1638 and moved to Rhode Island | |
| 441849955 | Identify what later became an issue within MA | - People were accused of witchcraft |