Weiten psychology 7th ch 2

389908055	Anecdotal evidence	Personal stories about specific incidents and experiences.
389908056	Case study	An in-depth investigation of an individual subject.
389908057	Confounding of variables	A condition that exists whenever two variables are linked together in a way that makes it difficult to sort out their independent effects.
389908058	Control group	Subjects in a study who do not receive the special treatment given to the experimental group.
389908059	Correlation	The extent to which two variables are related to each other.
389908060	Correlation coefficient	A numerical index of the degree of relationship between two variables.
389908061	Data collection techniques	Procedures for making empirical observations and measurements.
389908062	Dependent variable	In an experiment, the variable that is thought to be affected by the manipulation of the independent variable.
389908063	Descriptive statistics	Statistics that are used to organize and summarize data.
389908064	Double-blind procedure	A research strategy in which neither subjects nor experimenters know which subjects are in the experimental or control groups.
389908065	Experiment	A research method in which the investigator manipulates a variable under carefully controlled conditions and observes whether any changes occur in a second variable as a result.
389908066	Experimental group	The subjects in a study who receive some special treatment in regard to the independent variable.
389908067	Experimenter bias	A phenomenon that occurs when a researcher's expectations or preferences about the outcome of a study influence the results obtained.
389908068	Extraneous variables	Any variables other than the independent variable that seem likely to influence the dependent variable in a specific study.
389908069	Hypothesis	A tentative statement about the relationship between two or more variables.
389908070	Independent variable	In an experiment, a condition or event that an experimenter varies in order to see its impact on another variable.
389908071	Inferential statistics	Statistics that are used to interpret data and draw conclusions.
389908072	Journal	A periodical that publishes technical and scholarly material, usually in a narrowly defined area of inquiry.
389908073	Mean	The arithmetic average of the scores in a distribution.
389908074	Median	The score that falls exactly in the center of a distribution of scores.
389908075	Mode	The score that occurs most frequently in a distribution.
389908076	Nearsightedness	A vision deficiency in which close objects are seen clearly but distant objects appear blurry.
389908077	Operational definition	A definition that describes the actions or operations that will be made to measure or control a variable.
389908078	Participants	See Subjects.
389908079	Placebo effects	The fact that subjects' expectations can lead them to experience some change even though they receive an empty, fake, or ineffectual treatment.
389908080	Population	The larger collection of animals or people from which a sample is drawn and that researchers want to generalize about.
389908081	Random assignment	The constitution of groups in a study such that all subjects have an equal chance of being assigned to any group or condition.
389908082	Replication	The repetition of a study to see whether the earlier results are duplicated.
389908083	Research methods	Differing approaches to the manipulation and control of variables in empirical studies.
389908084	Response set	A tendency to respond to questions in a particular way that is unrelated to the content of the questions.
389908085	Sample	The collection of subjects selected for observation in an empirical study.
389908086	Sampling bias	A problem that occurs when a sample is not representative of the population from which it is drawn.
389908087	Social desirability bias	A tendency to give socially approved answers to questions about oneself.
389908088	Standard deviation	An index of the amount of variability in a set of data.
389908089	Statistical significance	The condition that exists when the probability that the observed findings are due to chance is very low.
389908090	Statistics	The use of mathematics to organize, summarize, and interpret numerical data. See also Descriptive statistics, Inferential statistics.
389908091	Subjects	The persons or animals whose behavior is systematically observed in a study.
389908092	Survey	A descriptive research method in which researchers use questionnaires or interviews to gather information about specific aspects of subjects' behavior.
389908093	Theory	A system of interrelated ideas that is used to explain a set of observations.
389908094	Variability	The extent to which the scores in a data set tend to vary from each other and from the mean.
389908095	Variables	Any measurable conditions, events, characteristics, or behaviors that are controlled or observed in a study.