Chapter 2: The Planting of English America, 1500-1733

86177155	After Decades of Religious turmoil, protestantism finally gained permanent dominance in England after the succession to the throne of...	Queen Elizabeth I
86177156	English soldiers developed a contemptuous attitude toward "natives" partly through their colonizing expierences in...	Ireland
86177157	Englands Victory over the Spanish Armada gave it...	Dominance of the Atlantic Ocean and a vibrant sense of nationalism
86177158	At the time of the first colonization efforts, England...	was undergoing rapid economic and social transformation
86177159	Many Puritan settlers of America were	uprooted sheep farmers from eastern and western England
86177160	England's first colony at Jamestown	was saved from failure by John Smith's leadership skills and by John Rolfe's introduction of tobacco
86177161	Representative government was first introduced to America in the colony of	virginia
86177162	one important difference between the founding of the virginia and maryland colonies was that...	virginia was founded mainly as an economic venture, while maryland was intended partly to secure religious freedom for persecuted Roman Catholics
86177163	The Act of Toleration in 1649, Marlyland provided religious freedom for all	Protestants and Catholics
86177164	The primary reason that no new colonies were founded between 1634 and 1670 was	the civil war in England
86177165	The early conflicts between English settlers and the Indians near Jamestown laid the basis for	forced seperation of the Indians into the separate territories of the "reservation system"
86177166	The Indian peoples who most successfully adapted to the European incursion were	the interior Appalacjoam tribes who used their advantages of time, space and numbers to create a middle ground of economic and cultural interaction
86177167	After the defeat of the coastal Tuscarora and Yamasee Indians by North Carolinians in 1711-1715	the Creeks, Cherokees, and Iroqouis remained in the Applachian Moutains as a barrier against the whites
86177168	Most of the early white settlers in North Carolina	were religious dissenters and poor whites feeling from aristocratic Virginia
86177169	The high-minded philanthropists who founded Georgia colony were especially interested in the causes of	prison reform, and avoiding slavery
86192058	Ireland	Nation where English Protestant rulers employed brutal tactics against the local Catholic population
86192059	Roanoke	Island colony founded by Sir Walter Raleigh that mysteriously disspeared in the 1580's
86192060	joint-stock	Forerunner of the modern corporation that enabled investors to pool financial capital for colonial venures
86192061	Armada	Naval invaders defeated by English "sea dogs" in 1588
86192062	[first and second] Angelo-Powhatan war	Name of two wars, fought in 1614 and 1644, between the English in Jamestown and the nearby Indian Leader
86192063	Slave Code	harsh system of laws governing Afrian labor, first developed in Barbados and later officially adopted by South Carloina 1696
86192064	Royal Charter	Royal document granting a specified group the right to form a colony and guaranteeing settlers their rights as English citiznes
86192065	indentured servants	Penniless people obligated to engage in unpaid labor a fixed number of years in exchange for a passage to the new world or other benifits
86192066	Iroquois	Powerful indian confederation that dominated New York and the easter Great Lakes area; comprised of several peoples
86192067	Squatters	poor famers in North Carolina and elsewhere who occupied land and raised crops without gaining legal title to the soil
86192068	Royal	term for a colony under direct rule of the English king or Queen
86192069	Tobacco	The primary staple crop of early virginia, maryland, and north carolina
86192070	South Carolina	the only southern state with a slave majority
86192071	Rice	the primary plantation crop of south carolina
86192072	Savannah	a melting-pot town in early colonial georgia
86192073	Powhatan	Indian leader who ruled tribes in the James River area of Virginia
86192074	Maryland	founded as a heaven for Roman Catholics
86192075	Georgia	Founded as a refuge for debtors by philanthropists
86192076	Jamaica and Barbados	British West Indian sugar colonies where large scale platations and slavery took place
86192077	Lord De La Warr	Harsh military governor of virginia who employed "irish tactics" against the indians
86192078	North Carolina	colony that was called "a vale of humility between two mountains of conceit"
86192079	Elizabeth I	the unmarried ruler who established English protestantism and fought the catholic spanish
86192080	Lord Baltimore	the catholic aristocrat who sought to build a sanctuary for his fellow believers
86192081	Roanoke	the failed "lost colony" founded by Sir Walter Raleigh
86192082	Jamestown	Riverbank site where Virginia Company settlers planted the first permanent English colony
86192083	Virginia	Colony that established the House of Burgesses ion 1619
86192084	Smith and Rolfe	Virginia leader saved by Pocahantas and the prominent settler who married her
86192085	Raleigh and Gilbert	Elizabethan courtiers who failed in thier attempts to found New World colonies
86192086	James Oglethorpe	Philanthropic soldier-statesman who founded the Georgia colony
86192087	South Carolina	Colony that turned to diesease resistant African salves for labor in its extensive rice plantations.
86192088	Lord De La Warr' s use of brutal "Irish tactics" in Virginia	Led to the two Anglo-Powhatan wars that virtually eterminated virginias indian population
86192089	The English Victory over the Spanish Armada	Enabled England to gain control of the North Atlantic sea-lanes
86192090	John Smiths stern leadership in virginia	foced gold-hungry colonists to work and saved them from total starvation
86192091	The English government's persecution of Roman Catholics	Led Lord Baltimore to establish the Maryland colony
86192092	The flight of poor farmers and religious dissenters from planter-run virginia	Led to the founding of the independent-minded North Carolina
86192093	The English law of primogeniture	Led to many younger sons of the gentry to seek their fortunes in exploration and colonization
86192094	THe English settlers' near desturction of small indian tribes	contributed to the formation of powerful inidian coalitions like Iroquois and the Algonquins
86192095	Georgia unhealthy climate, restrictions on slavery, and vunerability to spanish attacks	kept the buffer colony poor and largely unpopulated for a long time
86192096	the slave codes of England;s Barbados colony	Became the legal basis for slavery in North America
86192097	The enclosing of English Patures and cropland	forced numerous laborers off the land and sent them looking for opportunities elsewhere