Community Psychology Flashcards
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| 476047140 | What is Community Psychology? | - emphasizing role of environment in creating and alleviating. -- focus on developing resources and strengths of individual and community. -- not practiced in clinics - practiced in field of interest | |
| 476047141 | What "causes" problems | - problems develop due to interaction between social setting, environment and organizations you belong to. -emphasis on prevention of problems rather than treatment of existing problems | |
| 476047142 | 1955 History | Joint commission of mental heath and illness - encouraged development of community mental health concept -urged reduction in population of mental hospitals | |
| 476047143 | 1963 History | President Kennedy calls for "bold new approach" to prevent mental disorders. Kennedy bill pays for construction of community mental health centers. | |
| 476047144 | Issues that catalyzed emergence of community psychology? | -treatment facilities -personnel shortage -doubt about effective of psychotherapy -medical models --awareness of environmental factors -politics concept of empowerment | |
| 476047145 | Deinstitutionalization movement? | - started to prevent the negative effects for many patients of being confined to a mental hospital for long periods. - started to lower health care costs - plan was to open community mental heath centers like jails and prisons | |
| 476047146 | Problems with deinstituionalization and homelessness? | -insufficient development of community based services to provide outpatient care. -increase in homelessness -increase in street crime - increase in death rate among homeless | |
| 476047147 | Problems with deinstituionalization and Prisons/Jails? | - increase in # of mentally ill in prison - twice as likely to have been homeless prior -mentally ill tend to have more incarcerations | |
| 476047148 | Ecological Levels of Analysis | - Individuals (interdependent with society) - Micro systems (Relationships) -Organizations (schools, churches, corporations) -Localities (Geographic areas of multiple micro systems) - Macro systems ( Societies, cultures, government institutions beyond local community | |
| 476047149 | Primary Concept of Prevention | -counter act harmful circumstances before they produce illness. -reduce job discrimination -improve housing -teach parenting skills -genetic counseling -Head Start - Meals on Wheels -School Lunch etc | |
| 476047150 | Secondary Concept of Prevention | Early identification of mental heath problems -early detection and treatment of drinking problems, mass screening | |
| 476047151 | Tertiary Concept of Prevention | reduce duration and negative effects of mental disorders after occurrence. -counseling -job training | |
| 476047152 | Universal Interventions | Tasks: -altering conditions that cause or contribute to mental disorders (risk factors) -establishing conditions that foster positive mental health (protective factors) **Include** -Biological Measures -Psychosocial Measures -Sociocultural Measures | |
| 476047153 | Selective Interventions | - Aimed at a specific subgroup of the population considered at risk for developing mental health problems **strategies** -education programs -intervention programs for high-risk teens -parental education and family-based intervention programs -peer group influence programs -mass media modeling programs -combined prevention programs | |
| 476047154 | Indicated Interventions | -emphasizes early detection and reason for maladaptive behavior in a persons family and community setting -provides immediate brief intervention to prevent long-term behavioral consequences. | |
| 476047155 | Methods of Intervention | - Consultation (client vs. consulted-centered) - Community Alternatives (halfway houses, partial day programs) - Early childhood intervention (head start programs) -Self-Help Programs ( AA, Al-Anon, La Leche) -Paraprofessionals (use of laypersons as therapists) | |
| 476047156 | Training of community Psychologists | - yet to develop an adequate or identifiable theoretical framework -should have solid background in relevant discipline - should have training in: -design of interventions -empirical evaluations of interventions - cultural competence -practicum or internship required |